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RROCKEDINQS 


OK 


WASHINGTON  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES 

VOL.  V,  PP.  189-229.         [PLATES  n-xx.]       SEPTEMBER  12,  1903, 


PAPERS   FROM  THE   HOPKINS   STANFORD  GALA- 
PAGOS  EXPEDITION,  1898-1899. 

XV. 

NEW  FISHES. 
BY  EDMUND  HELLER  AND  ROBERT  EVANS  SNODGRASS. 

INTRODUCTION. 

THE  twenty-three  new  species  here  recorded  are  described 
from  the  material  obtained  by  the  authors  in  1898  and  1899  at 
the  Galapagos  Archipelago,  Cocos  Island  and  in  the  neighbor- 
ing waters.  The  proportional  measurements  given  are  percen- 
tages of  the  length  to  the  end  of  the  vertebrae,  except  where 
otherwise  stated.  The  writers  are  indebted  to  Dr.  David  Starr 
Jordan  and  to  Dr.  Charles  Henry  Gilbert,  of  Stanford  Univer- 
sity, for  suggestions  and  assistance  while  working  on  the 
collection. 

Evolantia,  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  —  Pectorals  about  one  third  of  total  length;  ventrals 
very  short,  outer  lobe  three  and  three  fourths  in  head,  a  little  less  than 
four  in  pectoral,  inner  lobe  two  in  head,  insertion  midway  between 
posterior  border  of  opercle  and  base  of  caudal ;  anal  fin  but  little 
shorter  than  dorsal. 

A  single  species  known,  E.  micropterus  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes) . 

According  to  the  disposition  by  Jordan  &  Evermann l  of  the  flying 
fishes  with  the  ventrals  inserted  behind  the  middle  of  the  body  into 

\Fishes  N.  &  M.  A.,  HI,  Addenda,  pp.  2835,  2836. 

Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  Sept.,  1903.  (189) 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

two  genera,  Exonautes  and  Cypsilurus,  each  with  large  ventrals,  this 
species  must  be  placed  by  itself  in  a  third  genus,  for  it  differs  from 
Exonatites  and  Cypsilurus,  as  thus  defined,  in  having  short  ventrals 
and  pectorals,  but  agrees  with  Exonautes  in  the  length  of  the  anal. 

It  is  probably  allied  to  Exonautes  rather  than  to  Exoccetus,  which 
has  small  ventrals,  on  account  of  the  posterior  position  of  these  fins, 
the  ventrals  being  anterior  in  Exoccetus.  Evolantia,  hence,  repre- 
sents an  Exonautes  with  unspecialized  ventrals  and  with  but  slightly 
elongated  pectorals. 

Specimens  were  secured  in  latitude  4°  N.,  longitude  90°  W. 

SPHYR^ENA  IDIASTES  sp.  nov. 
pi.  ii. 

Type. — Cat.  No.  12331,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Seymour  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Differs  from  61.  argentea,  its  closest  American  ally, 
in  the  posterior  insertion  of  the  ventrals,  the  greater  length  of  the  head, 
the  wider  interval  between  the  maxillary  and  eye  and  in  the  possession 
of  smaller  scales.  It  is  apparently  most  closely  related  to  S.  heller 7*1  of 
the  Hawaiian  Islands  from  which  species  it  differs  in  the  scale  formulae, 
in  the  greater  number  of  vertical  rows  of  scales  on  the  opercle,  in  the 
extension  of  the  scaled  area  beyond  the  posterior  border  of  the  eye  and 
in  the  longer  pectorals. 

Description  of  the  Type. — Length  480  mm.;  head  3;  depth  8; 
eye  7;  D.  V,  10;  A.  10 ;  scales  20-145-12. 

General  shape  fusiform,  dorsal  and  ventral  outlines  symmetrical ; 
head  slender,  acutely  conical.  Maxillary  not  reaching  anterior  border 
of  orbit,  separated  by  a  space  a  little  greater  than  diameter  of  eye ; 
suborbital  one  half  of  head  ;  posterior  angle  of  opercle  obtuse  ;  exserted 
portion  of  mandible  slightly  greater  in  length  than  one  half  diameter 
of  eye.  Scales  on  suborbital,  extending  forward  to  below  center  of 
pupil ;  top  of  head,  sides  of  snout  and  a  crescent-shaped  area  behind 
and  below  eye  naked. 

Front  of  each  jaw  toothless ;  a  series  of  small,  flat,  triangular  teeth 
along  sides  of  both  jaws;  those  on  mandible  larger  and  fewer. 
Internal  horizontal  plate  of  each  premaxillary  with  three  large,  flat, 
elongate  teeth  inclined  backward ;  in  line  with  each  of  these  series  are 
a  series  of  six  similar,  large,  palatine  teeth  directed  downward  and  in- 
ward followed  by  a  long  series  of  minute  teeth.  Anterior  portion  of 
mandible  with  two  large,  triangular  teeth  directed  backward. 

^Sphyrcena  helleri  Jenkins,  Bull.  U.  S.  Fish  Comm.,  p.  387,  1899. 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE 


GQ 


NEW    FISHES 


First  dorsal  spine  longest,  four  in  head ;  posterior  spines  decreas- 
ing regularly  in  length  to  last  which  is  equal  to  diameter  of  eye ; 
spines  depressible  in  a  groove.  Second  ray  of  soft  dorsal  longest, 
exceeding  slightly  the  first  ray,  three  and  one  third  in  length  of  head ; 
posterior  rays  decreasing  regularly  in  length  to  ninth  which  is  three 
and  one  half  in  length  of  first;  last  ray  longer,  two  and  one  half 
in  first.  Caudal  fin  deeply  forked,  lobes  equal.  Pectorals  small,  about 
three  in  head,  slightly  exceeding  the  ventrals,  upper  rays  longest. 
Anal  similar  to  soft  dorsal  in  shape  but  lower,  first  ray  three  and  three 
fourths  in  head. 

A  young  specimen,  50  mm.  long  —  presumably  belonging  to  this 
species  —  taken  from  the  surf  near  Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle,  has  a 
series  of  eight  wide  black  median  dorsal  spots.  The  first  is  the  largest 
and  is  situated  on  the  head  posterior  to  the  eyes,  the  second  is  fused  in 
the  median  line  with  the  third,  and  the  last  is  situated  on  the  base  of 
the  caudal  peduncle.  On  each  side  is  a  black  longitudinal  line,  best 
marked  posteriorly.  At  the  base  of  the  anal  is  a  large  brown  spot 
and  there  is  a  similar  spot  on  the  middle  of  the  caudal  peduncle,  while 
at  the  base  of  the  caudal  fin  is  a  smaller  one.  The  snout  and  tip  of 
the  lower  jaw  are  dusky.  The  rest  of  the  body  is  pale.  Another 
specimen,  40  mm.  long,  has  the  same  characters  except  that  the 
second  dorsal  spot  is  narrower  and  not  fused  with  the  third.  A  third 
specimen  97  mm.  long  has  a  faint  indication  of  this  color  pattern,  there 
being  a  fairly  well  marked  granular  lateral  stripe  and  obscure  traces  of 
the  dorsal  spots. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Sp/iyrcena  idiastes. 


Catalogue  No.  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

(Type). 
"331- 

12321. 

480 

4Q7 

Head  

IT, 

77 

Depth              ..       .           

I? 

12 

Pectoral  

II 

IO 

Ventral  

IO 

6 

6 

Kye  •  Head                                         ..                 

id. 

14 

Maxillary:  Head       

7.2 

l6 

Exsertion  of  mandible  \   Head  

38 

8 

41 

4.O 

Interorbital  :  Head  

1C 

16 

7 

7 

Dorsal  Spines  

v 

v 

IO 

IO 

IO 

IO 

I4"> 

14-1 

Scales,  transverse  ... 

20-12 

18-12 

192  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

APOGON  ATRADORSATUS  sp.  nov. 

pi.  in. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6357,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Charles  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Almost  identical  with  Apogon  atricaudus  of  the 
Revillagigedo  Archipelago,  differing  from  it  in  having  the  distal  half 
of  the  second  dorsal  black. 

We  have  examined  numerous  specimens  of  Apogon  atricaudus  in 
the  Stanford  University  collection  and  not  one  of  them  shows  any  trace 
of  black  on  the  second  dorsal.  Our  specimens,  preserved  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  others,  invariably  have  the  black  on  this  fin.  If  the 
Revillagigedo  specimens  had  in  life  any  black  on  the  second  dorsal  fin 
it  has,  in  all  cases,  faded  from  it,  but  not  from  the  first  dorsal  nor  from 
the  caudal.  In  many  Galapagos  specimens  the  tail  appears  to  be  a 
little  more  deeply  forked  than  in  the  Revillagigedo  specimens,  but  it  is 
not  constantly  so. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  two  thirds  ;  depth  three ; 
eye  three;  D.  VI-I,  9;  A.  II,  8 ;  scales  minutely  ctenoid,  3-25-11. 
Maxillary  reaching  a  little  back  of  posterior  margin  of  pupil ;  pectorals 
reaching  base  of  anal ;  ventrals  reaching  posterior  margin  of  anus. 

Snout  blunt ;  profile  of  head  straight,  gently  inclined  from  snout 
to  front  of  dorsal,  slightly  concave  from  this  point  to  front  of  second 
dorsal,  descending  then  to  base  of  caudal  peduncle,  where  it  forms  an 
abrupt  angle  with  the  peduncle ;  ventral  profile  with  about  same  con- 
vexity as  dorsal,  but  outline  from  front  of  anal  to  base  of  caudal  fin 
evenly  and  roundly  concave.  Second  dorsal  higher  than  first;  first 
dorsal  spine  short  (variable  in  length,  in  largest  specimens  about  equal 
to  interorbital  space,  in  younger  ones  shorter)  ;  second  and  third 
spines  longest,  two  and  one  half  in  head ;  succeeding  spines  rapidly 
shorter,  so  that  posterior  border  of  fin  is  receding ;  seventh  spine  at- 
tached to  second  dorsal,  as  long  as  second  and  third ;  second  and  third 
soft  rays  of  dorsal  longest,  one  half  longer  than  last  spine ;  posterior 
rays  very  short  so  that  dorsal  margin  of  fin  posteriorly  turns  downward 
and  forward;  soft  anal  similar  to  soft  dorsal;  tail  emarginate  (the 
depth  of  emargination  greater  in  young  specimens). 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Brownish,  darker  above,  minutely  punctate 
with  black  specks ;  caudal  and  first  dorsal  dusky,  second  dorsal  and 
anal  pale  basally,  dusky  terminally.  In  life  the  color  was  bright  red, 
paler  below,  with  the  distal  parts  of  the  vertical  fins  black. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE 


fi 

1 

e 


a 

o 

g" 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    IV 


NEW    FISHES 

The  collection  contains  a  large  number  of  specimens  of  this  species 
from  Cocos  Island,  and  from  Seymour,  Chatham,  Narboro,  Albe- 
marle  (Tagus  Cove)  Tower,  James,  Hood,  Duncan,  Barrington  and 
Charles  Islands  of  the  Galapagos  Archipelago. 

Galeagra  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  —  Head  similar  in  shape  to  that  of  Apogon  but  the 
body  somewhat  more  elongate.  Subopercle,  interopercle  and  opercle 
with  their  angles  armed  with  more  or  less  prominent  spines ;  preoper- 
cle  with  a  double  edge,  the  posterior  edge  serrated.  Scales  large, 
ctenoid,  thirty  three  in  the  lateral  line ;  lateral  line  little  curved,  inter- 
rupted ;  pectoral  greatly  elongate ;  dorsal  fins  two,  the  spines  VIII-I ; 
anal  spines  III ;  soft  parts  of  both  dorsal  and  anal  short ;  teeth  small, 
present  in  both  jaws,  and  in  a  V-shaped  patch  on  the  vomer;  gills 
four,  with  a  slit  behind  the  last ;  gill-rakers  long ;  branchiostegals  six. 

Affinities  somewhat  doubtful.  The  single  specimen  on  which  the 
genus  is  based  is  evidently  a  deep-sea  form. 

GALEAGRA  PAMMELAS  sp.  nov. 
pi.  iv. 

Type.  — Cat.  No.  6355,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Wenman  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Subopercle  armed  with  a  large  spine  at  the  angle ;  in- 
teropercle with  a  smaller  spine ;  opercle  with  several  small  spines  at 
angle  and  with  a  deep  notch  above  angle ;  preopercle  with  a  double 
edge,  the  anterior  short,  the  posterior  serrated ;  scales  large,  2-33-7, 
serrated;  lateral  line  not  following  outline  of  back,  broken.  D. 
VIII— I,  10  ;  A.  Ill,  7  ;  maxillary  short,  extending  to  the  vertical  from 
middle  of  pupil ;  pectorals  produced. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  seven  ninths  in  length ; 
depth  three  and  five  sixths;  eye  two  and  two  sevenths  in  head,  maxil- 
lary two  and  two  ninths  ;  interorbital  four  and  one  ninth.  D.  VIII— I, 
10 ;  A.  Ill,  7  ;  scales  2-33-7,  pores  33. 

Body  little  elevated,  vertical  profile  elliptical,  with  the  greatest 
depth  at  front  of  dorsal  fin ;  body  more  or  less  compressed ;  head  flat 
above  the  oblique  profile ;  snout  obtusely  pointed,  equaling  the  inter- 
orbital  width  in  length;  mouth  rather  small, oblique,  with  equal  jaws; 
maxillary  short,  extending  to  vertical  from  middle  of  pupil,  lower 
edge  smooth ;  both  jaws  armed  with  a  single  series  of  small  teeth ;  a 
V-shaped  patch  of  eight  or  nine  slightly  enlarged  teeth  on  vomer; 
palatines  apparently  toothless ;  head  spiny,  with  small  pre-  and  post- 


194  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

ocular  spines  on  the  supraocular  margin ;  preopercle  with  a  double 
edge,  the  anterior  short  and  soon  obsolete  dorsally,  the  posterior 
rounded  at  angle,  and  armed  with  slender  serrations  on  angle  and  on 
posterior  edge ;  subopercle  with  a  stout  spine  at  angle,  bifid  at  tip, 
upper  spine  longest,  slightly  more  than  one  half  the  interorbital  width 
in  length ;  interopercle  with  a  smaller,  stouter  spine  at  angle ;  opercle 
smooth  along  lower  edge,  the  angle  armed  with  about  twelve  small 
spines,  the  one  at  the  angle  considerably  enlarged,  a  deep  rounded 
notch  above  angle  with  two  small  spines  above  it.  Gills  four,  a  slit 
behind  last;  pseudo-branchiae  well  developed.  Gill-rakers  long,  more 
than  one  third  of  eye  in  length ;  fourteen  below  the  angle.  Brachio- 
stegal  rays  six. 

Scales  large,  thirty-three  in  lateral  line,  armed  with  moderately  long, 
slender  serrations ;  head  scaled  on  cheeks  and  on  occiput  to  between 
orbits ;  entire  body  scaled,  leaving  only  fin  membranes  naked.  Lateral 
line  begins  above  opercle  and  extends  in  a  slight  curve  to  between  the 
dorsals,  then  goes  obliquely  downwards  for  a  short  distance,  and  then 
horizontally  to  caudal  peduncle;  broken  between  dorsals  by  a  slight 
interval.  (Some  of  the  posterior  scales  of  the  lateral  line  are  missing.) 

Dorsal  fins  two,  separated  in  front  of  last  dorsal  spine  by  an  interval 
equal  to  diameter  of  eye.  Spinous  part  high,  rounded ;  third  spine 
highest,  slightly  greater  than  one  half  the  length  of  head ;  first  spine 
very  short ;  posterior  spines  slender.  Soft  dorsal  joined  to  last  dorsal 
spine,  outline  of  the  fin  lunate,  posterior  rays  somewhat  produced  and 
filamentous,  about  equaling  anterior  ones  in  length.  Anal  fin  begin- 
ning behind  origin  of  soft  dorsal,  spinous  part  much  lower  than  spinous 
dorsal ;  first  spine  very  short,  second  longest  but  evidently  shorter  than 
third,  which  is  stouter  but  broken  at  tip.  Soft  anal  similar  to  soft 
dorsal,  but  scarcely  lunate.  Pectoral  fin  long  and  ribbon-shaped, 
rays  filamentous  at  tip,  reaching  beyond  posterior  border  of  anal  fin ; 
rays  thirteen.  Ventrals  pointed,  spine  nearly  equaling  the  filaments, 
rays  I,  5.  The  caudal  fin  is  missing,  only  a  few  of  the  basal  rays 
remain  on  the  ventral  side. 

Coloration  in  Life. — Black  with  metallic-green  iridescence ;  snout 
and  lower  jaw  somewhat  paler ;  fins  dusky. 


NEW    FISHES  195 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  THE  TYPE  OF   Galeagra  -pammelas. 


c8 

Head  

~\6 

Depth  

26 

Eye..., 

13 

Interorbital  width                      .                                 .    .           

8 

Maxillary    

Height  of  spinous  dorsal;  •  

18 

Height  of  spinous  anal  •  

ii 

Height  of  soft  dorsal  ,  

12 

Height  of  soft  anal                                                   • 

12 

Pectoral  

42 

Ventral  

17 

Deoth  of  caudal  peduncle..., 

12 

CORVULA   EURYMESOPS  sp.  nov. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6361,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Charles  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Closely  allied  to  Corvula  macrops  Steindachner, 
from  Mazatlan  and  Panama.  It  differs  most  conspicuously  from  this 
species  in  being  much  more  slender ;  in  having  a  greater  number  of 
dorsal  spines — thirteen  instead  of  twelve ;  in  having  the  tip  of  the  lower 
jaw  slightly  included  (in  C.  macrops  it  reaches  as  far  forward  as  the 
tip  of  the  snout)  ;  in  having  the  interorbital  space  wider ;  and  in  hav- 
ing a  longer  maxillary. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Body  slender  and  elongate,  snout  blunt, 
lower  jaw  included ;  profile  from  tip  of  snout  to  nape  about  straight 
(very  slightly  concave),  slightly  rounded  from  here  to  front  of  spinous 
dorsal,  straight  and  horizontal  to  front  of  soft  dorsal,  evenly  descend- 
ing from  here  to  caudal  peduncle.  Ventral  profile  about  same  as 
dorsal,  straight  and  horizontal  from  ventrals  to  anal. 

Mouth  oblique,  at  an  angle  of  45°.  Maxillary  a  little  greater  than 
one  half  of  head,  about  equal  to  second  anal  spine.  Eye  four  in  head. 
Anterior  nostril  oval,  the  posterior  the  larger.  Angle  of  preopercle 
rounded,  ascending  limb  inclined  somewhat  forward,  space  between 
its  upper  end  and  eye  a  little  less  than  eye.  Fifteen  gill-rakers  on 
ceratobranchial,  upper  ones  long  and  slender,  decreasing  gradually  to 
the  lowest.  Teeth  all  small,  in  a  single  series  in  lower  jaw ;  in  upper 
jaw  a  band  of  small  teeth,  the  outer  ones  enlarged. 

Fourth  and  fifth  dorsal  spines  longest,  about  two  and  one  half  in 
head ;  first  very  small,  almost  rudimentary ;  second  a  little  longer  than 
half  the  length  of  the  third;  third  only  a  little  shorter  than  the  fourth ; 
sixth  to  tenth  rapidly  decreasing  in  size  so  that  tip  of  tenth  projects 


196  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

but  little  back  of  tip  of  fifth  in  elevated  fin ;  in  closed  fin  fifth  spine 
reaches  beyond  ninth ;  eleventh  spine  shortest ;  twelfth  and  thirteenth 
successively  a  little  longer,  apparently  a  part  of  the  soft  dorsal.  Rays 
of  soft  dorsal  abruptly  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  spines,  the  fourth 
and  fifth  longest,  equal  to  the  sixth  spine ;  fin  decreases  slightly 
in  height  posteriorly,  last  ray  one  half  of  fifth.  Depth  of  caudal 
peduncle  a  little  less  than  one  third  of  head ;  caudal  fin  gently  rounded, 
middle  rays  two  in  head.  First  anal  spines  short ;  second  slightly 
longer  than  maxillary,  not  specially  thickened ;  first  and  second  soft 
rays  of  anal  longer  than  second  spine ;  distal  border  of  elevated  fin 
perpendicular ;  last  ray  less  than  one  half  of  first  in  length.  Ventrals 
and  pectorals  same  length,  equal  to  length  of  head  behind  eye.  Dis- 
tance between  insertion  of  ventrals  and  first  anal  spine  one  third  greater 
than  depth  of  body. 

Entire  body  scaled  except  jaws  and  region  between  rami  of  lower 
mandible.  Soft  dorsal  and  anal  with  scaly  sheaths  along  their  bases. 
Scales  on  snout  minute.  Lateral  line  straight  anteriorly,  over  tip  of 
pectoral  bent  somewhat  downward,  from  here  to  caudal  peduncle 
slightly  convex  downward ;  beyond  this  straight,  continuous  to  edge 
of  caudal  fin.  Snout  with  a  large  slit-like  pore  on  each  side,  about 
four  very  small  pores  above  and  below  each  of  these.  Three  pores 
at  symphysis  of  lower  jaw. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  uniform  dark  brown,  below  paler 
silvery-brown;  center  of  each  scale  on  sides  of  body  dusky -brown, 
forming  conspicuous  narrow,  dark  longitudinal  stripes ;  stripes  below 
lateral  line  undulatingly  horizontal,  wider  than  those  above,  the  upper 
ones  cut  off  at  middle  of  body  by  deflexure  of  lateral  line;  stripes 
above  lateral  line  anteriorly  running  backward  and  upward,  posteriorly 
horizontal,  extending  to  end  of  caudal  peduncle;  fins  plain  brown. 

Taken  at  Charles  and  Seymour  Islands. 

The  following  table  gives  comparative  measurements  of  Corvula 
eurymesops,  and  of  one  specimen  of  C.  macrops  in  the  Stanford 
University  collection  from  Mazatlan. 


NEW   FISHES 


197 


MEASUREMENTS  OF   Corvula  eurymesofs  AND   Corvula 

macrops. 


Catalogue  No.  Leland  Stanford  Jr. 
University  Museum. 

Corvula  eurymesops. 

c. 

ma- 
crops. 

«3°5- 

(^C) 

12306. 

12307. 

Length  in  mm  

156 
31 
31 
22 

23 

53 
27 
29 
XIV 
24 

9 

46 

148 
29 
32 

22 

23 
52 
26 
29 

XIII 

23 

9 
50 

137 
27 
32 

22 

23 

48 
26 
27 

XIII 

24 
8 
46 

131 
28 

32 
23 
23 

11 

27 
XIII 

24 
9 

47 

161 

35 
30 

22 
22 

49 
3i 
25 
XII 

25 
9 
48 

Depth  

Head  

Ventral           

Maxillary:  Head  

Eye:  Head  

Interorbital  :  Head  

Second  Anal  Rays                             . 

Scales  on  Lateral  Line. 

SCI^ENA  PERISSA  sp.  nov. 

Type. —  Cat.  No.  6360  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Diagnosis. — Distinguishable  from  any  other  member  of  the  genus 
by  the  weakly  serrated  preopercle,  enlarged  anal  spine  and  the  small 
number  of  spines  in  the  dorsal. 

Description  of  the  Type. — Length  183  mm. ;  depth  two  and  three 
fifths;  head  about  three;  upper  profile  of  body  strongly  convex, 
greatest  depth  at  front  of  soft  dorsal ;  ventral  profile  much  less  con- 
vex, evenly  rounded ;  snout  blunt,  rounded ;  lower  jaw  included,  sym- 
physis  nearer  vertical  from  anterior  nostril  than  from  point  midway 
between  anterior  nostril  and  snout.  Tip  of  snout  slightly  lower  than 
anterior  nostril,  strongly  receding  to  mouth;  mouth  nearly  horizontal; 
profile  from  snout  to  nape  almost  straight.  Snout  below  tip  with  eight 
pores,  a  large  slit-like  pore  on  each  side,  three  just  above  mouth,  three 
very  small  ones  just  above  these;  symphysis  with  five  pores,  one 
small,  slit-like,  median  one,  two  on  each  side,  of  which  the  posterior  is 
the  larger.  Teeth  small,  in  bands  along  sides  of  jaws,  the  outer  ones, 
especially  in  upper  jaw,  enlarged ;  bands  in  lower  jaw  wide  in  front, 
tapering  posteriorly ;  no  vomerine  teeth.  Anterior  nostril  lower  and 
smaller  than  posterior.  Suborbital  a  little  narrower  than  vertical 
diameter  of  eye.  Ascending  limb  of  preopercle  very  weakly  serrated, 
inclined  forward ;  space  between  its  upper  end  and  orbit  equal  to 
vertical  diameter  of  eye.  Opercle  with  wide  membranous  flap  on 
posterior  border  above  angle. 


198 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


D.  X,  33.  First  dorsal  spine  very  short;  second  abruptly  much 
longer ;  the  fourth  longest,  two  and  one  half  in  head ;  posterior  bor- 
der of  fin  almost  vertical,  last  spine  longer  than  ninth.  Second  dorsal 
fin  low  in  front,  gradually  rising  toward  posterior  end  where  border 
curves  abruptly  downward ;  the  longest  ray,  the  twenty-sixth,  three  in 
head,  about  equal  to  second  dorsal  spine.  Anal  short,  II,  8 ;  second 
spine  two  and  one  half  in  head ;  first  and  second  soft  rays  longest,  two 
in  head,  longer  than  fourth  dorsal  spine.  Depth  of  caudal  peduncle 
a  little  less  than  three  in  head.  Caudal  fin  gently  rounded,  middle 
rays  almost  two  in  head.  Upper  rays  of  pectoral  longest,  one  and 
two  fifths  in  head. 

Snout,  subopercle,  jaws  and  chin  bare,  rest  of  body  covered  with 
small  ctenoid  scales ;  small,  irregularly  arranged  scales  along  lateral 
line. 

Specimens  of  this  species  were  secured  at  Tagus  Cove  and  Eliza- 
beth Bay,  Albemarle  Island  and  at  Seymour  Island. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  dusky-brown ;  belly  grayish ;  lips 
flesh-color ;  fins  dusky ;  iris  golden-brown. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Scicena  perissa. 


Catalogue  No.  Leland  Stanford  Jr. 
University  Museum. 

12301. 

(§B? 

12302. 

12303. 

12304. 

210 

187 

18* 

178 

167 

147 

Depth  

70 

^6 

3Q 

38 

28 

78 

Head  

V7 

•1C 

36 

-1C 

77 

Pectoral:  Head  

67 

CO 

62 

67 

65 

58 

Ventral  :   Head  

54 

58 

64 

5Q 

6?   • 

<55 

Snout  :  Head  

28 

24 

24 

22 

27 

25 

Eye:  Head    

2O 

26 

24 

25 

21 

2A 

Dorsal  Spines  

x 

x 

x 

x 

s 

x 

Second  Dorsal  Rays  

M 

•3-1 

•17 

7T 

72 

7T 

Second  Anal  Rays  

7 

•R 

°8 

°8 

°8 

7 

AZURINA   EUPALAMA  sp.  nov. 

pi.  v. 

Type. — Cat.  No.  6352,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Hood  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Differs  from  A.  hirundo  in  being  more  slender,  in 
having  the  lateral  line  more  nearly  straight,  the  tip  of  the  snout 
blunter,  the  interorbital  space  wider,  the  nape  less  elevated,  the  ven- 
tral profile  of  the  body  more  convex,  it  being  more  convex  than  the 
upper,  and  in  having  the  color  olive  and  gray  instead  of  blue. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


NEW    FISHES  199 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Length  92  mm.,  depth  three  and  four 
sevenths  ;  head  three  and  four  sevenths  ;  pectoral  four  and  one  third  ; 
ventral  five  and  four  fifths;  D.  XIII,  n  ;  A.  II,  12. 

Upper  profile  of  head  and  body  very  gently  and  evenly  curved  from 
tip  of  snout  to  a  little  in  front  of  base  of  caudal.  Posterior  end  of 
caudal  peduncle  a  little  deeper  than  median  part.  Ventral  profile  of 
head  and  body  also  evenly  curved,  but  more  convex  than  the  dorsal. 
Mouth  oblique,  on  level  with  middle  of  caudal  peduncle.  Eye  irreg- 
ularly elliptical,  longest  diameter  vertical.  Preorbital  narrow,  least 
width  about  two  and  one  half  in  vertical  diameter  of  eye.  Interorbital 
space  equal  to  vertical  diameter  of  eye.  Upper  limb  of  posterior  mar- 
gin of  preopercle  almost  vertical,  angle  prominent,  whole  margin  entire. 

First  dorsal  spine  short,  considerably  shorter  than  the  others,  equal- 
ing horizontal  diameter  of  eye ;  third,  fourth  and  fifth  spines  longest, 
two  in  head ;  second  a  little  shorter  than  the  third ;  spines  back  of  fifth 
gradually  decreasing  in  length ;  the  last  shorter  than  the  first.  Pro- 
file of  soft  dorsal  rounded,  median  rays  longest,  about  three  fourths  of 
longest  spine.  Anal  longer  than  soft  dorsal,  not  symmetrical  with  it, 
anterior  rays  longest,  a  little  longer  than  second  anal  spine  which  is 
equal  to  length  of  longest  soft  dorsal  ray ;  first  anal  spine  very  short. 
Caudal  deeply  forked,  upper  lobe  very  slightly  longer  than  lower, 
outer  edge  of  each  gently  convex  posteriorly.  Pectoral  equal  to  great- 
est depth  of  body  below  lateral  line,  upper  rays  longest.  Ventral  one 
and  three  fourths  in  head,  tip  not  prolonged  into  a  filament. 

All  parts  except  lips,  fins,  and  space  about  nostrils  scaled.  Scales 
of  body  large,  in  thirty-two  oblique  series.  Lateral  line  continuous, 
extending  entire  length  of  body,  very  gently  convex  dorsally. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Brown,  paler  beneath,  with  longitudinal 
pale  area  on  middle  of  each  scale  forming  indistinct,  pale,  longitudinal 
stripes  along  the  sides  of  body ;  a  prominent  black  area  on  axil,  cov- 
ering also  both  sides  of  the  base  of  the  pectoral ;  caudal  dusky  with 
both  margins  of  the  lobes  pale;  soft  dorsal  and  anal  dusky  along 
bases  ;  otherwise  fins  plain  brown  like  body. 

Coloration  in  Life. — Above  dusky  olive  with  bluish  iridescence, 
sides  lighter  dusky-gray,  belly  silvery,  snout  pure  dusky ;  dorsal  dusky, 
base  of  soft  dorsal  black ;  axil  and  base  of  pectoral  black ;  pectorals, 
ventrals  and  anal  pale ;  caudal  pale  with  a  dusky  oblique  streak 
through  each  lobe. 

Variations.  —  The  eight  specimens  secured  present  scarcely  any 
departures  from  the  characters  of  the  type  as  described  above. 

Taken  at  Charles  and  Hood  Islands. 


200 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


MEASUREMENTS  OF  Azurina  eupalama. 


Catalogue  No.  Iceland  Stanford  Jr. 
Universit3r  Museum. 

(Type) 
6352. 

12299. 

12300. 

Length  in  mm.     .            ..        .         .. 

Q2 

86 

8«> 

8l 

80 

Depth      

08 

2Q 

3$ 

<* 

2Q 

Head  

28 

78 

2Q 

2Q 

IO 

Pectoral  

21 

23 

24 

22 

24. 

Ventral  

17 

18 

18 

18 

18 

Vertical  Diameter  of  E  ye  :  Head  

7Q 

•?o 

2Q 

10 

11 

Interorbital  :  Head  

7-1 

12 

IO 

10 

11 

Preorbital  *  Head  . 

IO 

Q 

IO 

IO 

IO 

Dorsal  Spines 

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

Second  Dorsal  Rays 

II 

II 

II 

ii 

ii 

Second  Anal  Rays..        .                               . 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

Scale  Rows  .. 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

POMACENTRUS   REDEMPTUS  sp.  nov. 
pi.  vi. 

Eupomacentrus  rectifranum,  JORDAN  &  MCGREGOR,  Rep.  U.  S.  Fish  Com- 
mission, for  1898,  p.  282,  1899  (Clarion  and  Socorro  Islands). 

Eupomacentrus  flavilatus,  JORDAN  &  MCGREGOR,  Rep.  U.  S.  Fish  Com- 
mission for  1898,  p.  282,  1899  (Socorro,  Clarion  and  San  Benedicto 
Islands). 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6358,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Clarion  Island,  Revillagigedo  Archipelago.  (Collector :  R.  C.  Mc- 
Gregor.) 

Diagnosis.  —  Forehead  very  evenly  retreating  from  snout  to  front 
of  dorsal ;  preopercle  narrow,  about  two  thirds  of  eye  in  adult ;  inter- 
orbital  space  about  equal  to  eye ;  preopercle  more  strongly  serrated 
than  in  P.  leucorus ;  lips  dark ;  young  with  posterior  part  of  the  body, 
caudal  peduncle  and  posterior  half  of  soft  dorsal  orange ;  color  other- 
wise brown,  with  diffusion  of  orange  posteriorly  in  adults. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Length  no  mm.  Profile  from  snout 
to  first  dorsal  straight,  inclined  backward  at  angle  of  about  45°  with 
longitudinal  axis  of  body.  Dorsal  spines  gradually  increasing  in 
length  posteriorly.  Median  rays  of  soft  dorsal  longest,  reaching  a 
little  past  base  of  caudal  fin ;  last  rays  very  short ;  profile  of  dorsal  fin 
straight  and  horizontal  from  fourth  spine  to  longest  soft  ray,  so  that 
both  spines  and  soft  rays  successively  more  inclined  backward  pos- 
teriorly, the  posterior  longer  ones  being  no  higher  than  the  anterior 
shorter  ones  in  unelevated  fin.  Last  soft  rays  horizontal.  Anal 
similar  to  soft  dorsal.  Lobes  of  caudal  rounded,  upper  lobe  the  larger. 
Upper  rays  of  pectoral  longest. 

Depth  two;  head  a  little  less  than  three;  D.  XII,  15  ;  A.  II,  12; 
eye  three  and  four  sevenths  in  head ;  least  depth  of  preorbital  one  and 
one  half  in  eye. 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VO.L.    V 


PLATE   VI 


NEW    FISHES 


2OI 


Interorbital  space  a  little  wider  than  diameter  of  eye.  Suborbital 
gradually  decreasing  in  width  as  it  curves  upward  and  backward  below 
eye ;  inferior  margin  with  irregular  serrations.  Upper  limb  of  pre- 
opercle  a  little  inclined  backward  from  angle  ;  serrature  well  developed, 
obsolete  at  angle.  Several  conspicuously  enlarged  scales  on  the  opercle, 
one  very  large  one  above  base  of  pectoral ;  twenty-five  oblique  scale 
rows  on  body.  Lateral  line  continuous,  crossing  the  first  nineteen 
rows  of  scales,  ends  below  middle  of  soft  dorsal. 

Color  in  Alcohol. — Brown,  paler  on  caudal  fin  and  peduncle ;  lips 
dark  like  rest  of  head;  posterior  borders  of  scales  of  body  darker, 
forming  dusky  vertical  stripes ;  a  distinct  black  spot  on  upper  edge  of 
base  of  pectoral,  not  in  axil. 

Variations. —  The  preceding  description  of  the  type  applies  almost 
without  change  to  the  other  adult  specimens.  In  some,  the  upper  limb 
of  the  posterior  preopercular  margin  is  inclined  backward  more  than 
in  the  type,  while  in  others  it  is  less  so,  being  in  some  almost  vertical. 

Young  Specimens. —  One  immature  specimen  72  mm.  long  has  the 
anterior  upper  profile  somewhat  rounded,  resembling  in  this  respect 
E.  arcifrons.  Another  60  mm.  long,  however,  has  the  profile  the 
same  as  in  the  adults.  These  specimens,  especially  the  smaller  one, 
have  the  caudal  peduncle,  basal  part  of  caudal  fin,  posterior  part  of 
body  back  of  middle  of  soft  dorsal,  and  posterior  half  of  soft  dorsal 
pale  orange.  In  all  ages  the  spot  on  the  base  of  the  pectoral  is  very 
distinct.  In  the  specimen  which  is  60  mm.  in  length  one  scale  on 
the  back  of  the  caudal  peduncle  is  dusky  posteriorly,  forming  a  rather 
prominent  mark  on  the  prevailing  yellow  color. 

There  is  no  trace  of  spots  on  the  scales  of  any  of  the  specimens. 

The  species  is  known  only  from  Clarion,  Socorro  and  San  Benedicto 
Islands  of  the  Revillagigedo  Archipelago. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF   Pomcicentrus  redemptus. 


Length  in  mm  

no 

IO7 

IO7 

106 

106 

72 

60 

Depth  

52 

C2 

CO 

52 

CO 

CO 

Head 

•TO 

•71 

7Q 

<io 

•71 

•7T 

IQ 

Pectoral. 

2Q 

2Q 

.8 

^ 

27 

•7T 

78 

Ventral  

2Q 

2§ 

IT 

^o 

•7,0 

S 

77 

Eve:  Head... 

78 

27 

78 

2Q 

1,2 

•s-i 

I.-! 

28 

28 

7-2 

•*o 

2Q 

27 

28 

Preorbital  •   Head 

17 

16 

17 

17 

T6 

17 

JC 

Dorsal  Spines             

XTT 

XII 

XII 

XII 

XII 

XII 

XTT 

Second  Dorsal  Rays  

JC 

JC 

JC 

JC 

JC 

1C 

JC 

Second  Anal  Rajs  

11. 

j-j 

M 

J7 

I* 

I-T, 

T* 

Scale  Rows. 

2C 

2C 

2C 

2C 

25 

25 

25 

Scales  on  Lateral  Line 

IQ 

IQ 

2O 

2O 

2O 

2O 

2O 

2O2  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


POMACENTRUS   ARCIFRONS  sp.  nov. 

pi.  vii. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6356,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Harrington  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Profile  from  snout  to  front  of  dorsal  regularly  arcuate, 
forehead  convex ;  least  depth  of  preopercle  less  than  eye,  but  relatively 
greater  than  in  P.  leucorus  or  P.  redemptus-,  interorbital  space 
greater  than  eye ;  upper  limb  of  opercle  vertical,  rather  coarsely  ser- 
rated ;  lips  orange,  contrasting  conspicuously  in  color  with  the  brown 
color  of  the  head  and  fore  part  of  the  body ;  young  without  spots 
on  the  scales,  orange  posteriorly. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Depth  of  body  a  little  more  than  one 
half  its  length.  Profile  from  tip  of  snout  to  front  of  dorsal  steep, 
regularly  curved,  thence  to  tip  of  soft  dorsal,  profile  nearly  straight. 
Posterior  border  of  soft  dorsal  receding.  Profile  of  body  descending 
from  front  of  spinous  dorsal  to  caudal.  Mouth  on  a  level  with  upper 
edge  of  base  of  pectoral  and  lower  edge  of  caudal  peduncle.  Ventral 
profile  of  body  regularly  curved.  Anal  fin  similar  in  shape  to  soft 
dorsal;  caudal  forked,  the  upper  lobe  the  larger.  Head  three  and 
one  third  in  length ;  eye  three  and  two  thirds  in  head ;  interorbital 
space  about  three  in  head ;  preorbital  a  little  narrower  than  diameter 
of  eye ;  maxillary  reaching  slightly  back  of  front  of  eye.  Posterior 
margin  of  the  preopercle  vertical  with  slender  serrations.  Suborbital 
with  larger,  wider,  less  numerous  serrations.  Teeth  rather  firmly 
fixed,  a  single  row  in  each  jaw,  compressed  basally,  flattened  antero- 
posteriorly  at  tip;  D.  XII,  15;  A.  II,  13.  Dorsal  spines  all  about 
the  same  length,  the  first  two  in  head ;  median  soft  rays  elongated ; 
the  last  shortest ;  first  anal  spine  three  in  second ;  second  one  and  two 
thirds  in  head.  Pectoral  wide,  fan-shaped,  the  upper  rays  longest, 
slightly  shorter  than  head  ;  outer  angle  of  ventral  prolonged  into  a  fila- 
ment, about  three  in  length.  Scales  large,  5-25-10.  Lateral  line  end- 
ing a  little  in  front  of  posterior  end  of  soft  dorsal ;  pores  on  twenty 
scales. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  — Dark  brown,  with  diffusion  of  orange  over 
posterior  parts,  color  varying  greatly  in  different  specimens.  All  have 
the  fore  parts  brown  and  nearly  all  have  the  posterior  parts  orange ; 
but  the  proportions  of  the  two  colors  are  very  indefinite,  some  speci- 
mens being  nearly  all  brown  and  others  almost  wholly  orange. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


NEW    FISHES  2O3 

Young  specimens. — Numerous  young  specimens  of  this  species,  in 
the  collection,  are  easily  distinguishable  at  all  stages  from  the  young 
of  Pomacentrus  leucorus  by  the  bright  yellow  color  of  the -caudal 
peduncle  and  posterior  parts  of  the  body. 

I.  Specimen  51  mm.  long. — Color  and  outline  about  same  as  in 
adult.     iLips  pale ;  area  on  middle  of  soft  dorsal  somewhat  darker  than 
rest  of  fin  when  held  to  light ;  posterior  part  of  caudal  peduncle  and 
tail  pale  yellow.     Forehead  steep  as  in  adult.     A  specimen  of  about 
this  size  (59  mm.  long)  was  colored  in  life  as  follows :  above  black- 
ish-olive ;    belly,   cheeks  and   chin   brownish ;     caudal    peduncle   and 
caudal  fin  orange ;  pectoral  olive ;  anal  dark  olive,  purple  spot  at  base 
of  last  ray ;   spinous  dorsal  like  back,  first  soft  rays  orange-tipped,  last 
rays  of  soft  dorsal  olive  with  purple  spot  at  base ;   ventrals  blackish, 
membrane  brown. 

II.  Specimen  3  J  mm.  long.  —  Colored  same  as  last,  except  that  the 
whole  caudal  peduncle  is  covered  with  orange  which  encroaches  on 
hind  part  of  body  and  on  last  rays  of  soft  dorsal  and  anal. 

III.  Specimen  33  mm.  long. — Yellow  covers   more  of  posterior 
part  of  body  and  about  posterior  half  of  soft  dorsal.     Dark  area  on 
fore  part  of  soft  dorsal  more  distinctly  outlined  as  a  round  spot. 

IV.  Specimen  29  mm.  long.  —  Same  as  last,  except  that  dark  spot 
is  still  more  distinctly  formed  on  soft  dorsal.     Specimens  of  this  age 
are  almost  identical  in  shape  with  adult  specimens  of  Pomacentrus 
flavilatus. 

V.  Specimen  24.  mm.  long.  —  Orange  of    posterior  part  of    body 
very  light,   covering  caudal  peduncle,  posterior  part  of  body  as  far 
forward  as  middle  of  soft  dorsal  fin,  posterior  half  of  soft  dorsal  and 
last  two  rays  of  anal;   large  round  dark  spot  (specimen  in  alcohol) 
very  distinct  on  front  half  of  basal  three  fourths  of  soft  dorsal,  extend- 
ing also  on  side  of  back  almost  to  lateral  line ;  caudal  fin  gray  ;  lips  dark. 

The  characters  described  in  the  preceding  paragraphs  may  be  sum- 
marized as  follows  :  The  very  young  are  characterized  by  having  the 
anterior  part  of  the  body  plain  dark  brown,  the  posterior  part,  includ- 
ing that  part  back  of  the  middle  of  the  soft  dorsal  fin,  the  posterior 
half  of  the  soft  dorsal,  the  posterior  two  rays  of  the  anal,  and  the 
caudal  peduncle,  bright  orange ;  contrasting  strongly  with  the  anterior 
dark  part.  They  have  also  a  large,  round,  dark  spot  (perhaps  dark 
purple  in  life)  on  the  fore-part  of  the  soft  dorsal  fin  and  the  adjoining 
region  of  the  back.  In  this  stage  the  lips  are  not  colored  differently 
from  the  rest  of  the  head  and  the  upper  profile  of  the  head  is  much 
less  steep  than  it  is  later  in  life.  As  age  increases,  the  spot  on  the 


204 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


dorsal  disappears  and  the  lips  become  pale-colored,  while  the  orange 
color  of  the  posterior  parts  retreats  backward  until  the  individual  is 
about  50  mm.  long,  when  it  is  confined  to  the  posterior  half  of  the 
caudal  peduncle.  Later  the  orange  color  becomes  spread  indefinitely 
over  the  posterior  half  of  the  body,  differing  in  extent  in  different  indi- 
viduals, but  it  generally  does  not  cover  such  a  distinctly  defined  area  as 
in  the  young.  Towards  maturity  the  profile  of  the  head  becomes  very 
steep  and  convex  before  the  eyes,  in  some  individuals  almost  vertical. 
A  large  series  of  this  species  taken  at  the  Galapagos  Archipelago 
and  at  Cocos  Island. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Pomacentrus  arcifrons. 


Catalogue  No. 
Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  Uni- 
versity Museum. 

(Type) 
6356. 

12294. 

12295. 

12296. 

12297. 

12298. 

Len  srth  in  mm  

lie 

no 

108 

IO7 

IO7 

00 

52 

74 

24 

Depth          

C7 

58 

SQ 

54. 

5Q 

40 

40 

47 

AT. 

Head  

3O 

29 

33 

30 

32 

31 

32 

32 

33 

Pectoral           

20 

28 

28 

27 

20 

78 

^o 

^o 

27 

•3.2 

74 

32 

30 

3° 

^O 

3* 

70 

31 

27 

78 

27 

76 

28 

28 

77 

74 

34 

Preorbital  *    Head          .. 

22 

21 

21 

IQ 

IQ 

35 

74 

32 

32 

31 

33 

25 

27 

24 

XII 

XTT 

XTT 

XII 

XII 

XII 

Second  Dorsal  Rays  
Second  Anal  Rays 

15 

17 

15 
j7 

15 
I* 

15 
17 

15 
17 

15 

17 

Scale  Rows          ••      

25 

24 

25 

24 

25 

25 

Scales  on  Lateral  Line  .. 

20 

20 

19 

20 

20 

The  species  of  Pomacentrus  living  along  the  mainland  of  Central 
America  is  P.  rectifrcenum  shown  in  Figure  2  of  Plate  v.  It  has  been 
reported  from  the  Revillagigedo  Archipelago,  but  the  specimens  are 
probably  young  individuals  of  P.  redemptus. 

Nexilosus  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  —  Teeth  incisor-like,  entire ;  suborbital  adnate  to 
cheek ;  no  scales  on  preorbital,  scales  on  suborbital  not  well  formed ; 
fourth  gill  opening  a  very  small  round  aperture.  These  are  all 
Hypsypops  characters  except  the  adnate  condition  of  the  suborbital, 
which  is  a  characteristic  also  of  Nexilarius. 

NEXILOSUS  ALBEMARLEUS  sp.  nov. 

pi.  viii. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6359,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Description  of  the  Type. — Length  200  mm.  Body  ovoid,  deep, 
compressed;  depth  a  little  more  than  two  in  length;  profile  from 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


NEW    FISHES  2O5 

snout  to  dorsal  fin  arcuate,  very  steep ;  lower  profile  of  body  less  con- 
vex than  upper ;  greatest  depth  at  middle  of  body.  Head  about  three 
and  one  half  in  length ;  mouth  on  level  with  lower  edge  of-caudal 
peduncle,  small,  curved  slightly  downward  behind ;  lips  thick.  Teeth 
in  a  single  series,  laterally  compressed,  somewhat  antero-posteriorly 
compressed  at  tips,  entire.  Nostril  a  little  below  eye,  midway  be- 
tween eye  and  premaxilla.  Eye  four  in  head.  Subbrbital  adnate  to 
cheek,  outline  of  inferior  border  visible ;  posterior  limb  of  preopercle 
vertical ;  angle  of  opercle  with  a  small  flat  spine ;  two  smaller  ones  in 
a  crescentic  notch  on  posterior  border  above  angle. 

D.  XIII,  17;  A.  II,  13.  Dorsal  spines  all  low,  of  uniform  height, 
except  first  and  second  which  are  shorter  than  the  others ;  soft  dorsal 
abruptly  higher  than  the  spinous  dorsal ;  anterior  rays  highest,  almost 
as  long  as  head ;  posterior  rays  rapidly  decreasing  to  last  which  is 
lower  than  last  dorsal  spine ;  distal  border  of  fin  vertical,  a  little  con- 
cave. Second  anal  spine  the  longer,  equal  to  last  dorsal  spine. 
Middle  rays  of  anal  longest,  about  four  fifths  of  longest  dorsal  ray ; 
posterior  rays  somewhat  longer  than  posterior  dorsal  rays,  but  base  of 
fin  ends  a  little  in  advance  of  base  of  dorsal  so  that  the  posterior 
borders  of  fins  are  about  opposite.  Depth  of  caudal  peduncle  one  and 
one  half  in  head,  dorsal  and  ventral  outlines  straight;  caudal  fin 
deeply  divided  into  two  rounded  lobes,  the  upper  considerably  the 
larger.  Pectorals  one  and  one  sixth  in  head,  fan- shaped,  but  upper 
rays  longest.  Ventral  simple,  rays  not  produced,  one  and  one  fifth  in 
head. 

y  Scales  4-28-12,  those  along  middle  of  sides  largest,  most  of  them 
with  small  accessory  scales  at  their  bases,  these  most  numerous  above 
lateral  line.  Entire  body  scaled  except  circum-oral  region  as  far  back 
as  e^  es ;  scales  on  suborbital  not  well  formed.  Fins  all  densely  scaly ; 
spin  >us  part  of  dorsal  with  scaly  sheath  almost  concealing  the  spines. 
Lateral  line  on  twenty-two  scales,  ending  below  posterior  part  of  soft 
dorsal. 

Coloration  in  Life  —  Sides  bluish-brown,  back  with  scales  hazel  in 
center,  dark  brown  peripherally ;  a  broad  light-rusty  vertical  bar  on 
sides  above  anus,  tapering  above  and  below,  snout  light  brownish-red ; 
fins  dusky ;  lips  dusky-bluish ;  belly  and  sides  of  head  light  brown ; 
iris  blue. 

The  different  specimens  present  but  little  variation.  The  crescent- 
shaped  notch  which  is  present  in  all  specimens  on  the  posterior  border 
-of  the  opercle  above  the  spine  is  covered  with  membrane.  Some 
specimens  have  two  small  spines  in  the  notch,  as  in  the  type,  while  in 

Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  Sept.,  1903. 


2O6 


HELLER   AND    SNODGRASS 


others  these  are  lacking.  The  second  dorsal  is  proportionally  lower 
in  specimens  smaller  than  the  type. 

Young  (40-62  mm.  long).  — General  shape  same  as  that  of  adults. 
Teeth  entire ;  preorbital  and  suborbital  scaleless ;  preorbital  a  little 
less  in  depth  than  in  adults  (in  adults  almost  equal  to  eye,  five  in 
head),  in  young  two  in  eye,  seven  in  head,  but  eye  much  larger  in 
young,  three  in  head  (in  adults  four  and  one  fourth  in  head) .  Color, 
above  black  with  bluish  iridescence ;  head  and  base  of  anal  and  dorsal 
with  bright  blue  spots. 

This  species  was  taken  at  Tagus  and  Iguana  Coves  and  Elizabeth 
Bay,  Albemarle  Island. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Nexilosus  albemarhus. 


Catalogue  No.  Iceland  Stanford  Jr. 
University  Museum. 

(Type) 
6359- 

12290. 

12291. 

12292. 

12293. 

Length  in  mm  

2OO 

IQ7 

IQ? 

1  70 

1  66 

Depth  

54 

C2 

CC 

C2 

S7 

Head  

2Q 

28 

TO 

2Q 

-IQ 

Eye:  Head  

24 

24 

24 

21 

21 

84 

7Q 

75 

7O 

80 

63 

60 

61 

60 

63 

Pectoral  •  Head 

Q2 

80 

82 

QO 

Ventral  •  Head 

«1 

§ 

86 

77 

8-5 

Dorsal  Spines     •  

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

XIII 

Second  Dorsal  Rays  .            

17 

18 

18 

18 

18 

Second  Anal  Rays  

17 

JC 

*3 

14 

14 

Scale  Rows  ... 

28 

28 

28 

28 

27 

SCARUS  NOYESI  sp.  nov. 

pi.  ix. 

Type. — Cat.  No.  12332,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Description  of  the  Type. —  Length  428  mm.  Depth  two  and  one 
half;  head  two  and  two  thirds;  D.  IX,  10;  A.  Ill,  9. 

Dorsal  and  ventral  outlines  evenly  rounded,  the  dorsal  a  little  more 
convex  than  the  ventral.  Snout  blunt,  thick,  rounded  symmetrically 
with  lower  jaw ;  profile  before  eye  very  slightly  concave.  Upper  lip 
leaving  marginal  space  of  jaw  exposed  for  about  one  third  the  width 
of  eye  ;  lower  jaw  with  a  somewhat  wider  exposed  space  ;  margin  of 
upper  lip  horizontal,  of  lower  oblique,  forming  an  angle  of  30°  with 
margin  of  upper.  Dental  plates  white,  upper  with  two  small,  conical, 
outwardly  directed  posterior  canines  at  angle  of  lips.  Nostrils  very 
small,  anterior  circular,  posterior  a  longitudinal  slit.  Eye,  eight  in 
head.  Six  vertical  rows  of  scales  on  cheek  below  eye ;  first,  second 
and  fourth  of  two  scales  each ;  third  of  three  scales,  fifth  of  four  scales 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    IX 


NEW    FISHES  2O7 

and  sixth  of  two  scales  placed  high  so  that  the  upper  overlaps  the 
lower  anterior  scale  of  scaly  area  behind  eye ;  opercles  with  large 
scales.  Snout,  lower  jaw,  top  of  head  before  eyes  and  circum-ocular 
region  naked.  Dorsal  fin  begins  at  vertical  from  base  of  pectoral,  of 
uniform  height  throughout  except  posterior  end  which  is  a  little  ele- 
vated. Caudal  peduncle  deep,  outlines  concave,  depth  two  and  two 
fifths  in  head ;  upper  and  lower  outlines  of  caudal  fin  convex,  angles 
produced,  median  posterior  margin  straight ;  middle  rays  two  in  head, 
upper  rays  two  thirds  longer,  lower  about  one  half  longer  than  median 
rays,  upper  and  lower  rays  thickened.  Anal  similar  to  soft  dorsal, 
highest  posteriorly ;  spines  three,  the  first  very  small,  hidden  beneath 
the  skin  close  to  the  second.  Second  and  third  of  equal  size,  same 
length  as  anterior  soft  rays  of  anal ;  pectoral  of  fourteen  rays,  the 
upper  the  longest,  one  and  one  third  in  head.  Ventrals  simple,  short, 
two  in  head. 

Scales  large,  twenty-two  oblique  series  along  lateral  line.  Lateral 
line  beginning  on  fourth  scale  from  ridge  of  back,  and  running  back- 
ward over  sixteen  scales  of  third  row  below  dorsal  fin,  then  inter- 
rupted, beginning  again  on  second  scale  below  in  same  oblique  series, 
and  running  backward  over  five  more  scales  on  middle  of  side  of 
caudal  peduncle. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Plain  green,  dorsal  and  anal  with  green 
base  and  margin,  yellow  mesially ;  dorsal  with  a  small,  median  series 
of  dark  spots  posteriorly. 

Coloration  in  Life. — Above  light  brownish-gray,  with  bluish-green 
iridescence,  pinkish  below,  brightest  on  throat,  chin  and  lips;  dorsal 
with  light  blue-green  margin  and  base;  pectorals  light  yellow,  first 
ray  blue  ;  ventrals  pinkish ;  anal  pinkish-brown  with  light-blue  spots  ; 
caudal  light  brownish  like  body  with  first  upper  and  first  lower  rays 
blue-green ;  blue  spot  above  eye ;  snout  dark  olive  above ;  iris  golden. 

Another  specimen  was  light  olive-brown  above,  greenish  on  sides 
with  pink  margined  scales. 

Variations.  —  The  number  of  scales  in  the  different  rows  on  the 
cheek  varies  somewhat,  but  there  are  always  six  in  the  arc  formed  be- 
neath the  eye  by  the  uppermost  scales  of  each  vertical  series.  The 
smaller  specimens  have  the  angles  of  the  caudal  less  produced  than 
the  larger  ones  such  as  the  type.  The  tubes  of  the  lateral  line  are 
irregularly  branched  on  each  scale.  The  two  parts  of  the  lateral  line 
generally  overlap  on  one  scale  row  only,  but  occasionally  on  two. 

Our  specimens  are  from  Albemarle,  Narboro,  Duncan  and  Seymour 
Islands. 


208 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


Named  for  Captain  Wm.  P.  Noyes,  the  sailing  master  of  the  ex- 
pedition. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Scarus  noyesi. 


Catalogue  No.  Iceland  Stanford  Jr. 
University  Museum. 

12273. 

12274. 

12275. 

12276. 

12277. 

(Type) 
12332- 

12278. 

Length  in  mm  

•200 

342 

•55:7 

36s 

380 

428 

4CC 

Head  

28 

•5£ 

oo/ 
28 

ouo 

31 

31 

34 

32 

Depth   

^6 

•17 

77 

38 

37 

3Q 

38 

Pectoral:  Head  

7O 

71 

82 

76 

78 

78 

83 

Ventral  :  Head  

64 

C2 

6s 

cc 

SO 

S3 

Eye  :  Head  

1C 

14 

16 

14 

14 

13 

13 

IX 

IX 

IX 

VIII 

VIII 

TX 

TX 

10 

10 

10 

IO 

II 

IO 

IO 

Second  Anal  Rays. 

Scale  Rows  ... 

24 

23 

23 

23 

23 

24 

23 

PONTINUS    STRIGATUS  sp.  nov. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6343,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Wenman  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Snout  and  maxillary  scaled ;  tentacles  short  or  want- 
ing on  head ;  preopercle  with  four  spines,  upper  with  a  supplemental 
spine  at  base,  humeral  spine  single;  last  dorsal  spine  much  longer 
than  the  eleventh ;  pectoral  rays  eighteen,  extending  past  beginning  of 
anal ;  lateral  line  with  twenty-four  pores ;  head  two  and  five  eighths  ; 
eye  three  and  one  sixth.  Color  bright  red,  streaked  and  spotted  with 
olive-brown. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  five  eighths  in  length ; 
depth  three  and  one  fourth ;  eye  three  and  one  sixth  in  head ;  inter- 
orbital  nine  and  one  half ;  maxillary  two ;  snout  three  and  one  sixth. 
D.  XII,  10 ;  A.  Ill,  5;  P.  18. 

Eye  large,  three  and  one  sixth  times  in  length  of  head.  Snout 
short,  equaling  diameter  of  eye  in  length ;  interorbital  region  deeply 
concave,  narrow,  width  three  times  in  eye ;  occipital  flat,  bordered  by 
low  spines ;  nape  rising  obliquely  from  occiput.  Paired  nasal,  pre- 
ocular,  supraocular,  postocular,  tympanic  and  parietal  spines  present ; 
nape  with  two  pairs  of  nuchal  spines ;  humeral  and  paroccipital  spines 
single ;  suborbital  carina  with  three  spines ;  preopercle  border  armed 
with  four  spines  below  angle,  the  first  largest  and  with  a  supple- 
mental spine  at  its  base,  the  third  spine  larger  than  second ;  opercle 
with  two  broad  flat  spines,  one  situated  at  the  angle.  Head  with  short 
filaments  at  the  bases  of  some  of  the  spines,  other  filaments  wanting. 
Maxillary  extending  to  the  vertical  from  middle  of  pupil,  length  one 


NEW   FISHES  209 

half  of  head.     Gill-rakers  free,  short,  length  at  angle  one  third  the  eye. 

Lateral  line  beginning  at  humeral  spine  and  extending  horizontally 
to  the  tail ;  pores  twenty-four.  Scales  small,  finely  ctenoid  \  cov- 
ering the  body,  snout  posteriorly,  the  occiput,  cheeks,  opercles  and 
maxillary ;  fin  membranes,  tip  of  snout,  interorbital,  premaxillary  and 
lower  jaw  naked. 

Spinous  dorsal  high,  third  spine  highest,  equaling  one  half  head ; 
eleventh  spine  much  shorter  than  the  twelfth ;  first  spine  shorter  still. 
Soft  dorsal  lower,  rounded,  height  three  and  one  fourth  in  head. 
Anal  fin  high,  second  spine  much  larger  and  heavier  than  third,  its 
height  slightly  less  than  one  half  the  head.  Soft  anal  higher  than 
the  spinous,  rays  more  or  less  free  at  tip.  Ventrals  long  and  pointed, 
extending  to  first  anal  spine.  Pectorals  broad  and  fan-shaped,  median 
rays  longest,  reaching  third  anal  spine. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  bright  red,  the  belly  lighter,  pinkish, 
dorsum  and  head  above  the  level  of  the  preopercular  spine  spotted  or 
indistinctly  streaked  with  dark  olive-brown,  spotted  heaviest  about  the 
base  of  the  dorsal  fin ;  sides  below  the  dorsal  fin  streaked  obliquely 
with  olive-brown ;  fins,  spines  and  rays  red,  the  membranes  whitish, 
yellowish  in  the  dorsal ;  the  soft  dorsal  and  caudal  fins  spotted  with 
olive-brown;  upper  half  of  pectorals  olive  spotted;  the  soft  anal 
with  a  dusky  central  streak. 

In  general  form  and  coloration  this  species  approaches  P.  sierra 
Gilbert,  from  the  Gulf  of  California,  but  differs  in  the  scaled  maxil- 
lary, the  higher  and  differently  proportioned  spinous  dorsal  and  in  the 
greater  number  and  streaked  character  of  the  dark  markings. 

The  type  was  taken  from  the  stomach, of  a  shark  (Carcharhinus 
platyrkynckus)  near  Wenman  Island. 

MEASUREMENTS    OF    THE    TYPE    OF    PontinUS   StrigdtllS. 


Catalogue  No.  6343  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

75 

Head  

1.8 

Depth     

•IT 

Eye  

12 

Interorbital  Width  

A 

10 

Snout 

12 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal                                    ....      

IQ 

Height  of  Spinous  Anal  ...  

2O 

Pectoral  

•IO 

Ventral  

26 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

10 

2IO  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

ELEOTRIS   TUBULARIS  sp.  nov. 

pi.  x. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6348,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Cocos  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Scales  46,  16;  eye  greater  than  interorbital  width; 
anterior  nostril  tubes  extending  beyond  mouth ;  maxillary  reaching  to 
below  middle  of  eye.  Head  long,  two  and  sixth  sevenths  in  length. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  sixth  sevenths  in  length ; 
depth  four  and  three  fourths ;  width  of  head  four  and  one  sixth ;  eye 
four  and  one  half  in  head ;  maxillary  two  and  three  fifths  ;  interorbital 
five;  D.  VI-I,  8;  A.  I,  8;  scales  46,  16. 

Body  short  and  compressed  posteriorly.  Dorsal  profile  low,  highest 
at  the  beginning  of  the  dorsal  fin,  descending  obliquely  to  tip  of  snout. 
Head  broad  and  depressed ;  interorbital  region  flat  or  slightly  concave ; 
mouth  large,  oblique,  with  lower  jaw  projecting.  Teeth  in  both  jaws 
small  and  subequal.  Maxillary  long,  extending  to  vertical  from  middle 
of  pupil.  Anterior  nostril  with  long  tubes  extending  considerably  be- 
yond the  snout.  Preopercular  spine  blunt,  concealed  and  turned  for- 
ward. 

Scales  large,  ctenoid,  forty-six  in  a  line  from  angle  of  opercle  to  end 
of  vertebrae ;  sixteen  longitudinal  series  between  dorsal  fin  and  ven- 
trals. 

Dorsal  fins  separated  by  a  slight  interspace,  spinous  portion  rounded 
and  slightly  lower  than  soft  portion ;  soft  dorsal  attached  to  seventh 
spine,  angular  in  outline,  all  the  rays  being  of  nearly  equal  length. 
Anal  fin  similar  to  soft  dorsal  but  more  rounded,  beginning  posterior 
to  origin  of  soft  dorsal.  Caudal  fin  long,  three  and  one  fourth  in 
length,  rounded.  Pectorals  obtusely  pointed,  reaching  beyond  origin 
of  anal  fin,  rays  sixteen.  Ventrals  pointed,  inner  rays  longest,  sepa- 
rated by  an  interval  slightly  more  than  one  half  the  eye. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Above  olive-brown,  darkest  on  the  head 
and  snout ;  belly  lighter  brownish ;  dorsal,  anal  and  caudal  fins  closely 
barred  with  dusky;  pectoral  and  ventral  fins  lighter,  with  less  con- 
spicuous dusky  bars. 

The  nearest  American  ally  of  this  species  is  E.  amblyopsis  of  Sur- 
inam from  which  it  differs  chiefly  in  the  much  larger  eye  and  longer 
head. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    X 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    XI 


NEW   FISHES  211 

MEASUREMENTS    OF    THE    TYPE    OF    EleotrJS    tubulariS. 


Catalogue  No.  6348  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

Length  in  mm.                                                                              .  .        

4.1 

Head                                          ..                                                   

•ir 

Depth                                  ..                                             

2"\ 

Width  of  Head             

24 

Eye  

8 

Maxillary  

I* 

Interorbital  Width  

7 

Snout  

8 

Pectoral 

27 

Ventral. 

IQ 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal                                                                             .... 

*3 

Height  of  Soft  Dorsal           ...                                                              

16 

Height  of  Soft  Anal  

18 

Caudal  

•ii 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

1C 

Length  of  Caudal  Peduncle... 

23 

COTYLOPUS  COCOENSIS  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XI. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6347,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Cocos  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Scales  cycloid,  large,  fifty-six  in  a  line  from  opercle 
to  end  of  the  vertebrae ;  head,  throat,  disc  and  fins  naked ;  teeth  of 
upper  jaw  tricuspid,  those  of  mandible  equal  and  separated;  eye 
small,  six  times  in  head ;  lips  without  emarginations ;  pectorals 
short. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  four  and  one  fifth  in  length, 
depth  four  and  four  fifths ;  eye  six  in  the  head,  maxillary  two ;  inter- 
orbital  two  and  one  half;  D.  VI-I,  10;  A.  I,  10;  scales  56. 

Body  subcylindrical  anteriorly,  becoming  posteriorly  more  com- 
pressed; dorsal  and  ventral  outlines  nearly  parallel.  Head  high  and 
bluntly  rounded  anteriorly ;  snout  broad  and  flat,  obtusely  rounded ; 
interorbital  region  slightly  concave.  Nape  with  a  median  depression 
or  groove  extending  from  the  occiput  to  dorsal  fin.  Mouth  wide,  in- 
ferior; lips  with  even  margins,  lower  with  two  broad  posteriorly 
situated  papillae  on  gums.  Teeth  of  upper  jaw  in  a  single  series, 
numerous,  slender  and  brush-like ;  tip  bent  at  right  angles ;  cutting 
edges  tricuspid  or  trident-shaped;  but  soon  becoming  worn  down 
even.  Teeth  of  mandible  subequal,  well  separated ;  five  on  each 
side  of  jaw,  anterior  pair  slightly  smaller  than  posterior.  Eye  small, 
contained  six  times  in  length  of  head,  one  and  three  fourths  times 
in  interorbital  width.  Maxillary  extending  to  vertical  from  posterior 
border  of  eye. 


212 


HELLER   AND    SNODGRASS 


Scales  large,  subequal,  smallest  on  the  nape,  larger  on  the  sides ; 
fifty  six  in  a  line  from  the  angle  of  the  opercle  to  the  last  vertebra. 
Scales  cycloid  with  the  exception  of  a  few  on  the  sides  which  are 
armed  with  several  serrations  medially.  The  body  scaled  excepting 
the  throat ;  the  head,  fin  membranes  and  disc  naked. 

Dorsals  separated  by  an  interval  equal  to  three  fourths  the  length  of 
the  maxillary.  Spinous  dorsal  high,  spines  more  or  less  free  and  flexi- 
ble at  the  tip,  third  and  fourth  spines  highest,  contained  one  and  one 
fifth  times  in  head.  Soft  dorsal  longer  and  lower,  rays  of  about  equal 
length.  Anal  fin  similar  to  soft  dorsal  but  lower  and  anteriorly  more 
rounded.  Pectoral  short,  one  and  two  fifths  in  head,  obtusely 
pointed ;  caudal  short,  broad  and  truncate  at  the  tip.  Ventral  disc 
small,  circular. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  dark  brownish-olive,  thickly  spotted 
with  green  and  black  spots  the  size  of  the  scales ;  sides  of  the  body 
lighter  olive;  head  above  and  on  sides  blackish;  belly  dusky-olive, 
unspotted,  medially  bluish ;  disc  amber-yellow,  bordered  anteriorly 
with  maroon ;  dorsals  dusky,  maroon-tipped,  the  soft  portion  with  a 
black  median  stripe;  pectorals  dark  brown,  broadly  maroon-tipped, 
the  basal  portion  olive  with  dusky  spots ;  anal  blackish ;  caudal 
broadly  maroon-tipped,  the  basal  part  dusky ;  iris  silvery. 

The  shape  of  the  teeth  and  distribution  of  the  scales  ally  this  spe- 
cies to  S.  salvini  of  Panama  from  which  it  differs  in  the  larger  and 
cycloid  scales  and  in  coloration. 

The  species  was  found  abundant  in  the  streams  about  Chatham  Bay. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Cotyloptis  cocoensis. 


6-* 

80 

52 

Head                   .          

24 

22 

24 

21 

21 

18 

Eye        

O4 

4 

Interorbital  Width  

07 

7 

12 

II 

ii 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal                   ...        .             

IQ 

22 

18 

Height  of  Soft  Dorsal                                       

14 

I* 

17 

II 

q 

IO 

17 

17 

18 

Length  of  Disc           

14 

IO 

14 

Caudal           

21 

IQ 

22 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

15 

14 

H 

GOBIUS   RHIZOPHORA  sp.  nov. 

Pl.    XII. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6349,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum, 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


<4,    i 

NEW    FISHES  213 

Diagnosis.  —  Head  three  and  one  third  in  length;  depth  four  and 
one  sixth ;  dorsal  profile  of  head  evenly  rounded ;  snout  less  than  eye  ; 
D.  VI— I,  ii  ;  A.  I,  9.  Color,  above  dark  reddish-brown,  head  and 
body  crossed  by  fifteen  light  vertical  bars ;  head  below  the  level  of 
eye  black-spotted ;  caudal  and  dorsal  fins  finely  dark-barred. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  three  and  one  fifth  in  length ; 
depth  four  and  one  sixth ;  eye  three  and  one  half  in  head ;  maxillary 
three ;  snout  three  and  seven  eighths ;  interorbital  ten  and  one  third ; 
D.  VI-I,  ii ;  A.  I,  9;  caudal  27;  pectoral  18. 

Body  short,  dorsal  and  ventral  profiles  low  and  subequal.  Head 
slightly  compressed,  width  less  than  height,  dorsal  profile  slightly 
rounded  from  snout  to  nape.  Snout  short,  less  than  diameter  of  eye 
in  length.  Mouth  oblique,  with  projecting  lower  jaw ;  maxillary  one 
third  length  of  head,  extending  to  slightly  beyond  vertical  from  an- 
terior border  of  eye.  Teeth  in  a  double  series  in  both  jaws ;  inner 
small  and  villiform ;  the  outer  enlarged,  canine  and  spaced.  Eyes 
diameter  large,  greater  than  snout,  situated  close  together,  the  inter- 
orbital  consisting  of  a  thin  ridge. 

Scales  large,  ctenoid,  twenty-eight  in  a  line  from  base  of  pectoral 
to  caudal  fin.  Whole  head,  breast,  nape,  base  of  spinous  dorsal  and 
fin  membranes  naked. 

Dorsal  fin  long,  deeply  notched  before  last  dorsal  spine.  Spinous 
dorsal  high,  second  and  third  spines  somewhat  produced  but  consid- 
erably shorter  than  in  G.  zebra,  about  one  half  head  in  height.  Soft 
dorsal  lower,  with  rays  of  about  equal  height,  a  few  of  the  posterior 
shorter,  not  reaching  base  of  caudal  fin.  Anal  fin  similar  to  soft  dorsal, 
but  not  extending  so  far  posteriorly,  height  equal  to  soft  dorsal,  pos- 
terior rays  nearly  as  long  as  others,  pectorals  in  the  type  with  the  tip  of 
the  rays  worn  ;  normally  pointed,  one  and  one  ninth  the  length  of  head. 
Ventrals  jointed,  inner  rays  longest,  as  long  as  pectorals;  reaching 
anus.  Caudal  rounded,  one  and  one  fourth  in  length  of  head. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Above,  head  and  body  dark  purplish- 
brown  ;  body  crossed  by  thirteen  narrow,  light,  vertical  stripes,  about 
one  fourth  as  wide  as  the  dark  interspaces,  becoming  obsolete  on 
sides  anteriorly,  the  light  stripes  with  a  fine  dark  line  running  through 
them ;  head  crossed  by  two  oblique  light  stripes  behind  the  eye  which 
cross  over  the  nape ;  a  pair  below  eye  and  a  single  posterior  inter- 
orbital  stripe  above  eye ;  light  spaces  on  head  wider  than  on  body, 
distinct,  not  forming  reticulations ;  head  below  level  of  eyes  and  belly 
lighter,  pinkish;  the  dark  areas  below  eye,  the  chin  and  branchio- 
stegal  membranes  spotted  with  dark  brown ;  soft  dorsal  and  caudal  fins 


2I4 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


light,  barred  with  blackish ;  spinous  dorsal  dark  like  back  but  bej- 
coming  lighter  at  tip;  venlrals  and  pectorals  light  without  darker 
markings ;  anal  fin  dusky. 

All  the  specimens  agree  in  proportions  and  coloration  with  the 
type.  The  fins  in  most  of  the  specimens  are  in  poor  condition. 

Allied  to  G.  zebra,  which  species  it  resembles  in  proportions,  shape 
and  fin  characters.  This  species  apparently  is  marked  with  light 
stripes  where  G.  zebra,  possesses  dark  ones,  the  darker  median  stripes 
in  the  light  areas-being  represented  by  the  darker  median  stripe  in  the 
dark  stripes  of  the  latter.  The  light  stripes  do  not  form  reticulations 
below  the  eye  as  do  the  dark  stripes  on  G.  zebra.  The  species  differs 
further  in  the  more  rounded  dorsal  profile  of  the  head  (which,  in  G. 
zebra  is  considerably  angulated  and  projecting  before  the  eyes),  in  the 
lower  spinous  dorsal,  the  shorter  snout,  the  spotted  head,  and  dark 
barred  dorsal  and  caudal  fins. 

In  the  collection  are  specimens  from  Albemarle  (Tagus  Cove),  Nar- 
boro  and  Seymour  Islands. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF   Gobius  rhizophora. 


22  5 

2O 

27 

Head  

•11 

2Q 

27 

Depth     

2A 

2/1 

22 

Eye  . 

8 

Interorbital  Width  .... 

Snout     

8 

8  <; 

7 

Maxillary  

IO 

ii 

IO 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal  

14-4- 

T* 

1C 

Pectoral  

14-4- 

28 

22  + 

Ventral  

28 

25 

Caudal  

2T. 

21 

2A 

GOBIUS  GILBERTI  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XIII. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6354,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Narboro  Island. 

Diagnosis. — Jaws  with  two  series  of  teeth,  the  outer  enlarged, 
consisting  of  four  canines  in  each  jaw.  Dorsal  fin  VI— I,  14,  first  four 
spines  greatly  produced,  reaching  much  past  middle  of  soft  dorsal. 
Color,  above  dark  reddish,  below  and  on  sides  lavender;  the  sides 
crossed  by  nine  narrow,  vertical,  black  margined  stripes. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  three  and  two  thirds  in  length  ; 
depth  four  and  one  half ;  eye  three  and  one  half  in  head ;  interorbital 
7;  D.  VI-I,  14;  A.  I,  14;  scales  38. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    XIII 


a 

•f— i 

be 


02 

g 

2 
o 


—I       O 


NEW    FISHES  215 

Body  short,  low,  with  dorsal  and  ventral  profiles  subequal,  moder- 
ately compressed ;  head  with  rounded  dorsal  profile,  somewhat  com- 
pressed, width  equal  to  depth  of  the  caudal  peduncle ;  mouth  small, 
oblique ;  tip  of  snout  formed  by  the  projecting  mandible ;  maxillary 
short,  extending  to  vertical  from  anterior  border  of  pupil ;  both  jaws 
armed  with  a  double  series  of  teeth,  the  inner  series  small,  the  outer 
enlarged  and  spaced,  consisting  of  four  canines  in  each  jaw. 

The  scales  finely  ctenoid,  large,  thirty-eight  in  a  line  from  base  of 
pectoral  fin  to  last  vertebra.  Head  naked ;  body  scaled  excepting  nape, 
breast,  and  belly  mesially,  which  are  naked.  Dorsal  fin  deeply  notched 
before  the  seventh  spine,  spinous  part  greatly  produced,  second  spine 
longest  and  reaching  twelfth  dorsal  ray,  third  slightly  shorter,  first 
spine  exceeding  fourth  in  length ;  all  the  spines  flexible  and  united 
by  membrane  to  their  tips.  Soft  dorsal  lower,  little  rounded  ante- 
riorly, ending  squarely  behind,  posterior  rays  equaling  the  median  in 
height  and  reaching  base  of  caudal  fin ;  anal  fin  similar  to  the  soft 
dorsal  in  shape  and  equaling  it  in  height ;  caudal  rounded  or  subtrun- 
cate,  equaling  head  in  length.  Pectorals  pointed,  upper  rays  atro- 
phied, lower  free  at  tips ;  median  rays  longest,  reaching  anal  fin ; 
ventrals  free  from  belly,  pointed,  reaching  vent. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol. — Dark  brownish,  head  and  belly  lighter 
brownish-yellow,  body  crossed  by  nine  narrow,  light,  black  bordered, 
vertical  stripes ;  a  vertical  bar  below  eye,  another  on  opercle,  a  curved 
interorbital,  a  short  occipital  and  a  nuchal  bar,  and  two  postocular 
spots  light,  bluish-black  bordered  like  the  vertical  body  stripes ;  caudal 
fin  dusky  with  a  few  light  spots  at  base,  the  other  fins  lighter ;  dorsal 
spines  blackish. 

Another  specimen  secured  at  Tagus  Cove,  Albemarie  Island,  is 
somewhat  larger  and  lighter  colored  than  the  type,  with  the  dorsal 
spines  less  produced,  the  longest  reaching  only  to  the  fifth  vertical 
stripe.  The  coloration  in  life  of  this  specimen  was  as  follows :  Body 
pale-lavender,  crossed  by  ten  narrow,  vertical,  light-blue,  black-mar- 
gined stripes,  these  stripes  obsolete  on  the  belly ;  the  head  below  the  eye 
and  the  snout  golden,  above  and  on  nape  bright  red,  interorbital  region 
olive ;  bars  and  spots  on  the  head  distributed  as  in  the  type  and  colored 
like  the  vertical  body  stripes  ;  fins  dusky,  reddish  tipped ;  iris  light  olive. 

This  species  is  apparently  nearest  G.  dalli,  of  the  Santa  Barbara 
Islands,  which  it  resembles  in  shape  and  in  the  character  of  its  teeth 
and  fins ;  but  the  dorsal  spines  are  much  more  produced,  the  scales 
larger  and  the  coloration  very  different  in  pattern. 

Named  for  Dr.  Charles  Henry  Gilbert,  of  Stanford  University. 


216 


HELLER   AND    SNODGRASS 

MEASUREMENTS  OF   Gobius  gilberti. 


22.  5 

2"> 

Head  

27 

78 

Depth  

22 

2S 

Eve... 

8 

7 

7 

7 

4" 

ii 

12 

40 

24 

Pectoral  

*2 

2Q 

Ventral  

21 

2^ 

Caudal                   .        

78 

76 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle    

H 

I"? 

ARBACIOSA  TRUNCATA  sp.  nov. 

Pl.    XIV. 

Gobiesox  zebra  GILBERT,  in  part,  Proceedings  United  States  National  Museum, 

xxni,  1890,  p.  452  (Duncan  Island). 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6341  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle. 

Diagnosis.  —  Incisors  broad,  the  median  ones  of  both  jaws  even- 
edged,  truncate ;  a  single  enlarged  canine  behind  the  incisors ;  dorsal 
and  anal  fins  with  six  or  seven  rays ;  eye  large,  one  and  one  half  times 
in  interorbital  width ;  vertebrae  thirty.  Color,  light  olive-yellow, 
vermiculated  and  spotted  above  with  darker;  a  blackish  humeral 
spot ;  four  pinkish  transverse  bands  on  dorsum  in  life. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  three  and  one  third  in  length ; 
depth  six  and  two  thirds ;  eye  five  in  head ;  interorbital  three  and  three 
fourths;  disc  one  and  one  fourth;  D.  6;  A.  7. 

Horizontal  profile  of  body  narrow,  head  little  wider  than  rest  of  body, 
opercles  bulging  somewhat  on  sides ;  snout  rounded.  Dorsal  profile 
low,  rising  slightly  to  middle  of  back;  ventral  profile  horizontal. 
Mouth  small,  terminal ;  both  jaws  armed  with  six  broad  incisors,  the 
four  median  ones  above  and  the  two  median  ones  below  truncate, 
unnotched,  their  edges  even ;  lateral  teeth  tridentate  with  rounded 
lobes,  the  middle  lobe  projecting  above  the  lateral  ones ;  both  jaws 
with  an  enlarged,  somewhat  recurved  incisor  separated  by  a  slight 
diastema  from  the  posterior  incisors.  Gill-raker  short,  slender,  seven 
on  lower  limb  of  arch.  Opercular  spine  strong. 

Dorsal  fin  beginning  slightly  in  advance  of  anal ;  both  fins  short, 
similar,  rounded,  their  anterior  rays  highest.  Pectoral  short,  rounded, 
with  broad  bases,  length  two  and  one  half  in  head.  Caudal  fin  broad, 
rounded,  length  one  and  one  half  in  length  of  disc. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


NEW    FISHES 


217 


Coloration  in  Life. — Above  and  on  sides  light  olive-yellow, 
vermiculated  and  spotted  above  with  slate-blue;  orbit  with  seven 
radiating  bluish  stripes,  the  anterior  one  extending  forward  to_mouth, 
the  two  lower  ones  running  obliquely  across  cheeks  and  opercles; 
sides  with  twelve  rather  narrow  bluish  transverse  bars,  not  extending 
on  ventral  or  dorsal  surfaces ;  a  blackish  humeral  spot,  slightly  smaller 
than  eye  ;  back  crossed  by  four  broad  pinkish  bands,  the  first  beginning 
behind  the  humeral  spots ;  ventral  surfaces  light  yellow,  immaculate ; 
fins  olive,  without  spots,  caudal  fin  and  ventral  disc  edged  with  orange. 

There  is  considerable  variation  in  the  coloration.  The  collection 
contains  two  small  specimens  which  show  five  broad  dark  cross-bars, 
as  in  A.  zebra ;  and  some  of  the  other  specimens  show  faint  traces  of 
the  same  markings. 

The  young  have  all  the  mandibular  incisors  tridentate,  as  in  the 
adults  of  A.  zebra.  The  small  specimens  collected  by  the  Albatross 
at  Duncan  Island  and  referred  by  Dr.  Gilbert  to  A.  zebra,  were  evi- 
dently too  young  to  show  the  specific  characters  of  the  teeth. 

Allied  to  A.  zebra,  differing  in  the  truncate,  unnotched  median 
mandibular  teeth  and  somewhat  in  coloration. 

Numerous  specimens  were  secured  at  Tagus  and  Iguana  Coves, 
Albemarle  Island. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Arbaciosci  truncatd. 


Length  in  mm  

•5Q 

je 

7C 

l8 

Head  

•5Q 

2Q 

in 

•in 

Depth  

1C 

1C 

J7 

IQ 

Width  of  Head  

26 

27 

27 

27 

Eye  

6 

c 

Interorbital  Width  

8 

8 

8 

8 

Pectoral  

12 

14 

12 

12 

Length  of  Disc  

28 

25 

27 

27 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle     

IO 

Length  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

IO 

8 

IO 

IO 

Caudal  

19 

19 

20 

17 

MALACOCTENUS  ZONOGASTER  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XV. 


Labrisomus  delalandi  GILBERT,  Proc.  U.  S. 
Albemarle  Island. 


Nat.  Mus.,  xin,  p.  452,  1890, 


Type. —  Cat.  No.  6352  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Iguana  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Diagnosis. —  Dorsal  spines  XXI  or  XXII,  first  spine  higher  than 
second,  one  and  one  half  in  eye ;  whole  lower  surface  heavily  barred 
and  spotted  with  dark  brown. 


2l8  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

Description  of  the  Type. —  Head  three  and  two  thirds  in  length  ; 
depth  three  and  two  fifths ;  eye  three  and  one  half  in  head  ;  maxillary 
three;  interorbital  two  in  eye;  D.  XXI,  n  ;  A.  II,  20;  scales  63. 

Shape  of  the  head  and  body  much  as  in  M.  delalandi,  body  pos- 
teriorly compressed  and  with  dorsal  profile  little  elevated.  Mouth 
small,  terminal ;  jaws  equal  and  armed  with  a  single  series  of  incisor 
teeth ;  vomer  with  a  semicircular  patch  of  similar  teeth.  Maxillary 
short,  extending  to  vertical  from  anterior  border  of  eye.  Nape  with 
an  oblique  patch  and  the  eye  with  a  smaller  supraocular  patch  of  fila- 
ments. Diameter  of  the  eye  slightly  less  than  length  of  snout. 

Scales  cycloid,  small,  sixty-three  in  lateral  line,  head,  breast,  median 
line  of  belly,  and  bases  of  the  ventral  fins  naked. 

Dorsal  fin  long,  beginning  at  nape  and  extending  nearly  to  caudal 
fin.  Spinous  dorsal  high  anteriorly,  notched  between  fourth  and  fifth 
spines  and  again  between  nineteenth  and  twentieth,  the  first  spine  high, 
one  and  three  fourths  diameter  of  eye  and  considerably  longer  than 
second  spine ;  last  spine  about  as  high  as  third.  Soft  dorsal  higher 
than  the  spinous,  second  ray  highest,  but  little  exceeding  the  other 
rays  ;  last  ray  reaching  two  thirds  the  distance  to  caudal.  Anal  fin  long, 
not  extending  quite  as  far  posteriorly  as  dorsal,  deeply  incised ;  spinous 
portion  short;  soft  part  longer,  the  twelfth  to  the  fourteenth  rays 
longest.  Pectorals  rounded,  rays  fourteen,  median  longest.  Caudal 
rounded,  rays  thirteen.  Ventrals  composed  of  three  deeply  incised  rays. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above,  light  olive,  sides  with  five  broad 
olive-brown  bands,  breaking  up  ventrally  into  blotches,  above  the 
median  line  of  the  sides  the  dark  bands  separated  by  light  purplish 
areas  spotted  with  brownish,  below  the  median  line  these  areas  become 
tawny-brown ;  head  olive,  rufous-blotched,  opercle  with  a  large 
circular  dark  blotch ;  underparts  whitish,  barred  and  spotted,  the  bars 
about  as  wide  as  the  interspaces ;  branchiostegal  membrane  and  throat 
very  regularly  barred ;  dorsal  fin  amber-yellow,  with  rufous  spots  and 
red-tipped  spines  and  rays ;  pectoral  membrane  lighter,  golden-yellow ; 
rays  rufous-spotted,  lower  dark  red;  ventrals  whitish  like  belly, 
brown-barred,  rays  red-tipped ;  anal  fin  lemon  with  brown  spots  and 
red-tipped  rays ;  caudal  fin  like  dorsal  in  coloration ;  iris  crimson. 

This  species  is  close  to  M.  delalandi  of  the  mainland  from  which 
it  differs  in  the  possession  of  more  than  twenty  dorsal  spines,  in  the 
higher  first  dorsal  spine,  and  in  the  barred  lower  parts.  We  have  ex- 
amined twenty  specimens  of  M.  delalandi  from  Mazatlan,  Mexico, 
and  find  the  following  variations  in  the  fins  ;  dorsal  XIX-XX,  10-12  ; 
anal  II,  18-19.  Our  Galapagos  material  gives  the  following  formulaB  : 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    XVI 


NEW    FISHES 


2I9 


Dorsal  fin, 

XXI,  IT 

XXI,  ii 

XXII,  1  1 

XXI,  10 

XXI,  10 

XXI,  ii 

XXI,  ill  XXI,  ii 

Anal  fin, 

II,  20      II,      20 

II,     20 

II,     20 

II,    18 

II,  19 

II,    20!    II,    20 

Scales  in  Lat- 

| 

eral  Line, 

63 

58 

59 

54 

55 

56 

~35\- 

The  specimens  in  the  collection  are  from  Tagus  and  Iguana  Coves, 
Albemarle  Island. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Malacoctemis  zonogdster. 


Length  in  mm  

67 

6-1 

6} 

Head  

28 

78 

27 

Depth  

2Q 

26 

•11 

Eye  ."  

8 

8 

7 

Interorbital  Width         

•JC 

Maxillary  

Q 

Pectoral  

27 

->6 

27 

Ventral  

21 

2"! 

22 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal  

14. 

14. 

14. 

Height  of  Soft  Dorsal  

16 

17 

JC 

Height  of  Anal  

14. 

16 

16 

Caudal  

21 

21 

24. 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

9 

8 

9 

LEPISOMA  JENKINSI  sp.  nov. 
pi.  xvi. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6350  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Iguana  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Dorsal  spines  nineteen ;  interorbital  width  one  and 
one  half  the  diameter  of  eye ;  dorsal  profile  of  head  evenly  rounded ; 
scales  large,  fifty-six  to  sixty-one  in  lateral  line.  Color,  above  dark 
brownish-red  with  six  blackish  transverse  bars  on  the  sides ;  below 
light,  spotted  with  red. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  three  and  one  third  in  length ; 
depth  three  and  one  eighth ;  eye  four  and  one  half  in  head ;  maxillary 
two  and  one  fifth;  interorbital  six  and  one  fifth;  D.  XIX,  1 1  ;  A.  II, 
18;  pores  58. 

General  shape  of  body  as  in  L.  xanti,  but  the  head  higher  with  the 
dorsal  profile  more  rounded  and  without  an  emargination  at  the  nape. 
Mouth  narrow,  teeth  anteriorly  enlarged,  the  two  lateral  ones  in  front  of 
the  diastema  recurved ;  vomer  with  a  v-shaped  patch  of  five  teeth,  the 
median  one  largest ;  vomerine  teeth  followed  by  two  or  three  smaller 
palatine  teeth  on  each  side.  Nuchal  filaments  well  developed  and  much 
thicker  than  in  L.  xanti.  Maxillary  extending  to  vertical  from  middle 
of  pupil.  Interorbital  wide,  width  one  and  two  fifths  diameter  of  eye. 

Scales  larger  than  in  L.  xanti,  fifty-eight  (pores)  in  lateral  line, 
eight  scales  between  base  of  the  dorsal  fin  and  curved  anterior  part  of 


22O 


HELLER    AMD    SNODGRASS 


lateral  line ;  below  this  point  to  middle  line  of  belly  are  twenty-three 
vertical  series  of  scales. 

Dorsal  fin  long,  notched  before  the  last  spine,  spinous  part  low  and 
slightly  rounded,  middle  spines  highest,  two  and  five  sixths  in  head. 
Soft  dorsal  much  higher  than  spinous  portion  of  fin,  one  and  seven 
ninths  in  head ;  posterior  rays  reaching  base  of  caudal  fin.  Pectoral 
fin  rounded,  middle  rays  longest,  extending  to  vertical  from  second 
anal  spine ;  rays  fourteen.  Ventral  fin  with  three  rays,  the  middle 
one  longest,  one  and  three  fourths  in  length  of  head.  Caudal  fin 
rounded,  twice  the  length  of  longest  dorsal  spine,  rays  thirteen. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  dark  brownish-red,  blotched  and  spot- 
ted with  dusky ;  sides  of  the  body  with  six  broad,  blackish  transverse 
bars ;  ventral  surface  whitish  with  ruby-red  spots  ;  vertical  fins  like  the 
sides ;  pectorals  dark  barred  with  red  rays ;  ventrals  light  like  the  belly. 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  L.  xanti  of  the  Pacific  coast  of 
Mexico,  differing  in  the  wider  interorbital,  the  larger  number  of  dorsal 
spines,  the  more  rounded  dorsal  profile  of  the  head  and  the  darker 
and  more  reddish  coloration.  We  have  examined  seven  specimens 
of  L.  xantiirom  Mazatlan,  Mexico,  and  La  Paz,  Lower  California, 
and  each  of  these  possesses  eighteen  dorsal  spines. 

Secured  only  at  Iguana  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Named  for  Dr.  Oliver  P.  Jenkins,  of  Stanford  University. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Lepisoma  jenkinsi. 


Length  in  mm  

oc 

85 

Q2 

Head  

•21 

7Q 

•*o 

Depth.   

^2 

32 

2Q 

Eve  .. 

7 

8 

7 

ii 

0 

0 

14 

ia 

13 

Interorbital  Width                  

c 

Height  of  Spinous  Dorsal.  ..         

ii 

12 

II 

Height  of  Soft  Dorsal  

17 

17 

16 

Height  of  Soft  Anal  

16 

1C 

16 

Pectoral  

28 

27 

26 

Ventral  

20 

10 

IQ 

Caudal  

22 

20 

21 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle. 

IO 

IO 

9 

Dorsal  fin  .'  

XIX,  ii 

XIX,  ii 

XIX,   12 

Anal  fin  

II,   18 

II,    18 

II,     17 

Scales  (pores)  

58 

61 

59 

ENCHELIOPHIS  JORDANI  sp.  nov. 

pi.  xvn. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6345  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum, 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    XVII 


£> 
•»'• 


NEW    FISHES  221 

Diagnosis.  —  Body  greatly  attenuate,  head  twelve  in  length,  depth 
seventeen  in  length ;  vertical  fins  confluent,  low ;  dorsal  fin  beginning 
much  behind  the  anal ;  teeth  small,  in  a  single  series  in  each  jaw  and 
on  the  palatines  ;  vomer  with  a  rounded  patch  of  larger  teeth.  Color, 
pinkish,  the  belly  silvery  and  the  tail  bluish;  belly,  snout  and  body 
posteriorly  spotted  with  brown. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  twelve  in  the  length ;  depth  one 
and  seven  tenths  in  length  of  head  ;  eye  five  and  one  fourth ;  maxillary 
two  ;  interorbital  five  and  one  half ;  snout  four  and  one  half. 

Body  greatly  attenuate,  tapering  very  gradually  from  behind  the 
head  to  the  slender  whip-like  tail ;  not  much  compressed.  Head 
long,  depth  one  half  the  length;  dorsal  profile  sloping  gradually  to 
bluntly  rounded  snout.  Snout  short,  broad  and  rounded  ;  occiput  and 
interorbital  regions  convex  or  rounded.  Mouth  large,  slightly  oblique 
with  included  lower  jaw,  maxillary  extending  much  behind  eye. 
Teeth  small,  cardiform,  in  a  single  series  in  both  jaws ;  palatines 
armed  with  a  long  series  of  somewhat  larger  teeth  extending  past  angle 
of  mouth;  vomer  with  a  small,  rounded  patch  of  teeth  slightly  larger 
than  palatine  series.  Opercular  bones  without  spines  or  free  edges, 
the  whole  apparatus  covered  by  the  skin. 

Gills  four,  a  short  slit  behind  the  last,  free  from  isthmus  and  united 
below  the  throat;  no  pseudobranchiae.  Gill-rakers  short,  few.  Bran- 
chiostegal  rays  six.  Gill  openings  ventral,  narrow,  the  length  two  and 
one  half  in  head. 

Body  naked;  lateral  line  without  evident  pores,  running  high  and 
following  outline  of  back ;  beginning  above  opercle,  extending  for- 
ward on  head  to  above  eye,  and  posteriorly  to  slightly  beyond  body 
cavity.  Vent  situated  below  posterior  border  of  opercle. 

Vertical  fins  confluent ;  rays  not  evident ;  dorsal  fin  beginning  be- 
hind snout  a  distance  equal  to  three  times  length  of  head,  the  fin  an- 
teriorly very  low,  becoming  higher  posteriorly  where  equaling  one 
third  the  eye  in  height.  Anal  fin  beginning  at  vent,  considerably  higher 
than  the  dorsal,  the  height  one  half  diameter  of  eye.  Caudal  fin  and 
a  few  of  the  last  vertebras  missing.  Pectoral  and  ventral  fins  wanting. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Head  and  body  dusky-pink  ;  the  belly  silvery, 
the  tail  grayish-lavender  ;  iris  greenish-gray. 

Coloration  in  Alcohol.  —  Light  brownish-yellow,  the  snout,  belly 
and  body,  posteriorly  finely  spotted  with  dark  brown.  The  spotting 
perhaps  due  to  the  dissolving  out  of  the  silvery  pigment  by  the  for- 
malin in  which  the  specimen  was  preserved,  leaving  the  spots  which 
were  beneath  it  visible. 

Proc.  Wash.  Acad,  Sci.,  Sept.,  1903. 


222  HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 

We  have  not  seen  Miiller's  figures  of  E.  vermicular  is,  but  his  de- 
scription is  so  meagre  that  the  two  species  can  be  only  approximately 
compared.  The  coloration  is  very  different,  there  being  in  our  speci- 
men no  trace  of  the  blackish-brown  color  of  the  Philippine  form. 

Named  for  President  David  Starr  Jordan  of  Stanford  University. 

The  type  was  the  only  specimen  taken. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  THE  TYPE  OF  Encheliofhis  jordani. 


Catalogue  No.  6345  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

Length  in  mm  

114 

10 

Depth:  Head    

67 

Eye  :  Head  

iq 

Maxillary:  Head  

49 

Interorbital  :  Head  

Snout  :  Head  

22 

Height  Dorsal  :  Head  

6 

Height  Anal  •  Head... 

10 

Petrotyx  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  —  Body  not  greatly  attenuated  or  compressed;  snout 
blunt,  obtusely  rounded ;  lower  jaw  included ;  teeth  small,  blunt ; 
in  broad  bands  in  both  jaws  and  on  palatines ;  in  a  diamond-shaped 
patch  on  vomer ;  opercular  bones  without  spines  or  sharp  angles . 
Vertical  fins  long,  united,  caudal  not  differentiated ;  ventral  composed 
of  two  rays,  united  for  half  their  length.  Snout  and  the  tip  of  mandi- 
ble with  short  thick  cilia.  Lateral  line  single,  wanting  posteriorly. 
Scales  cycloid;  present  everywhere  except  on  tips  of  the  fins,  margins 
of  the  jaws,  and  tip  of  snout.  Gills  four,  a  slit  behind  the  last ;  gill- 
rakers  few,  short  and  thick,  armed  with  minute  teeth ;  pseudobranchiae 
small.  Branchiostegal  rays  eight.  Head  without  evident  muciferous 
canal  openings.  Air-bladder  large,  rounded  posteriorly.  Six  pairs 
of  pyloric  caeca.  Allied  to  Catcetyx. 

PETROTYX   HOPKINSI  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XVIII. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6344  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Barrington  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  Head  five  times  in  length;  depth  slightly  greater; 
maxillary  long,  extending  much  behind  eye  ;  eye  small,  eight  times  in 
head;  gill-rakers  short,  stout,  one 4- two;  scales  one  hundred  and 
thirty-five  in  a  series  from  base  of  pectoral  to  end  of  last  vertebra ; 
dorsal  rays  one  hundred  and  five  ;  anal  eighty -two  ;  caudal  ten ;  ven- 


PROG.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


NEW    FISHES  223 

trals  two,  the  height  three  fourths  the  head,  filamentous  at  tip ;  pec- 
torals short,  fan-shaped,  with  broad  bases. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  five  in  length ;  depth  f oiir^and 
four  fifths ;  eye  eight  in  head,  interorbital  four ;  snout  three  and 
three  fifths ;  maxillary  one  and  four  fifths ;  D.  105  ;  A.  82 ;  C.  10;  P. 
24;  V.  2 ;  scales  11-135-38. 

Vertical  outline  of  body  subfusiform,  tapering  from  about  the 
eighth  dorsal  ray ;  posteriorly  compressed  and  attenuate  to  a  point. 
Head  broad  and  flat  above  with  a  furrow  on  each  side  of  vertex  run- 
ning forward  to  above  eye  ;  sides  of  the  head  nearly  vertical.  Snout 
broad  and  bluntly  rounded,  tip  formed  by  ciliated  portion  above  pre- 
maxillary  ;  mouth  wide,  horizontal,  with  included  mandible  ;  maxillary 
long,  extending  behind  the  anterior  border  of  eye  a  distance  equal  to 
length  of  snout,  only  the  posterior  lower  edge  exposed.  Teeth  small 
and  rather  blunt,  in  broad  close-set  villiform  bands  in  both  jaws,  the 
inner  mandibular  series  slightly  enlarged  ;  arranged  in  an  oblong  patch 
on  palatines  and  in  a  large  diamond-shaped  patch  on  vomer.  Tip 
of  the  snout  fringed  with  narrow  or  ligulate,  ciliated  flaps  ;  the  man- 
dible with  shorter  similar  cilia  at  its  tip.  Opercular  bones  without 
spines,  their  angles  rounded.  Head  without  evident  muciferous  canal 
openings.  Gills  four,  a  slit  behind  the  last,  free  from  the  isthmus; 
pseudobranchiae  represented  by  six  or  seven  short  filaments  ;  gill-rakers 
one-J-two,  stout,  club-shaped  and  shorter  than  the  gill-filaments,  armed 
with  small  teeth  similar  to  those  on  the  pharyngeal  bones.  Scales 
cycloid,  covering  entire  body  and  head,  absent  only  on  premaxillary, 
maxillary,  anterior  portion  of  snout,  margin  of  mandible,  and  tips  of 
fins  ;  exposed  portion  of  the  scales  about  one  half  diameter  of  eye  in 
length.  Lateral  line  slightly  undulate,  beginning  above  opercle, 
curving  slightly  and  following  outline  of  back,  extending  slightly 
beyond  middle  of  dorsal  fin ;  running  between  the  scales,  dorsal  fin 
beginning  slightly  behind  the  base  of  pectoral ;  all  the  rays  of 
about  equal  height,  six  and  one  third  in  head.  Anal  beginning  at 
anus,  equal  to  dorsal  in  height  and  similar  to  it  in  shape ;  caudal 
fin  pointed,  slightly  longer  than  the  height  of  the  dorsal ;  not  differen- 
tiated from  vertical  fins.  Pectorals  with  wide  bases,  fan-shaped,  the 
middle  rays  longest,  length  one  and  two  thirds  in  head ;  ventral  com- 
posed of  two  rays,  united  for  half  their  length,  filamentous  at  tip, 
outer  ray  the  shorter,  about  three  fourths  the  length  of  inner  ray, 
which  is  one  and  one  third  in  head.  All  the  fins  excepting  the  ven- 
trals  densely  scaled  to  their  tips,  which  are  free  and  filamentous.  Air- 
bladder  large,  oval,  posteriorly  broader  and  rounded,  more  pointed 


224 


HELLER   AND    SNODGRASS 


anteriorly ;  six  pairs  of  pyloric  caeca,  the  posterior  one  longest  and 
equalling  the  snout  in  length. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Dark  reddish-brown,  the  head  darker  brown  ; 
vertical  fins  like  the  body,  the  tips  maroon ;  pectorals  with  lighter 
edges ;  iris  livid-bluish. 

Named  for  Mr.  Timothy  Hopkins,  of  Menlo  Park,  California,  to 
whose  generosity  the  expedition  is  financially  indebted. 

MEASUREMENTS    OF   THE    TYPE    OF    PetrotjX 
Catalogue  No.  6344  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 


Length  in  mm 

Head 

Depth 

Eye 

Interorbital  Width. 
Snout  

Maxillary 


Height  of  Dorsal. 
Height  of  Anal.... 

Pectoral 

Ventral 

Caudal 

Snout  to  Dorsal  .. 
Snout  to  Anal... 


217 

20 
21 

2-5 

5 

5-5 
ir 
6 
6 

12 
15 

8 
25 
45 


Eutyx  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  —  Body  comparatively  short,  compressed  posteriorly; 
head  broader,  scarcely  compressed,  with  a  short  rounded  snout.  Mouth 
large,  with  long  maxillary ;  mandible  included ;  teeth  small,  in  villi- 
f orm  bands  in  both  jaws  and  in  a  V-shaped  patch  on  vomer ;  the  inner 
mandibular  series  of  teeth  enlarged ;  palatines  toothless  ;  opercular 
bones  without  spines  or  sharp  angles  ;  head  with  prominent  mucif  erous 
canal  openings ;  lateral  lines  two  on  each  side,  overlapping  for  a 
fourth  of  their  lengths ;  scales  small,  cycloid,  embedded ;  present  on 
body  and  opercles  ;  head  above  naked.  Gills  four,  a  slit  behind  last ; 
pseudobranchiae  wanting;  gill-rakers  few.  Air-bladder  moderately 
large,  oblong,  thick-walled;  pyloric  caeca  consisting  of  two  short  sacs. 
Allied  to  Grammonus  Gill,  differing  in  the  absence  of  opercular 
spines,  and  in  the  presence  of  the  double  lateral  line  and  large  mucif  - 
erous  canal  openings  on  the  head. 

EUTYX  DIAGRAMMUS  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XIX. 

Type. —  Cat.  No.  6346  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albernarle  Island. 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


a 
g 

SP 


H 


NEW    FISHES  225 

Diagnosis. — Head  four  times  in  length;  depth  slightly  less;  man- 
dible with  slightly  enlarged  teeth ;  opercular  bones  without  spines  ; 
lateral  line  double  for  a  fourth  of  its  length ;  scales  one  hundred  and 
twenty-two ;  dorsal  fin  long,  beginning  posterior  to  base  of  pectorals, 
rays  one  hundred  and  six ;  anal  eighty-nine ;  pectorals  twenty-seven. 
Color,  uniform  dark  brown. 

Description  of  the  Type. — Head  four  in  length ;  depth  four  and 
one  sixth  ;  eye  five  and  one  half  in  head  ;  snout  three  and  five  sevenths  ; 
interorbital  four  and  one  fourth;  maxillary  one  and  two  thirds ;  D. 
106;  A.  89;  P.  27;  C.  10;  scales  14-122-35;  pores  f-g-. 

Vertical  profile  of  body  elliptical,  dorsal  and  ventral  outlines  sub- 
equal  ;  body  compressed  and  tapering  to  a  point  posteriorly.  Head 
large  and  rounded  over  vertex,  dorsal  profile  converging  sharply  toward 
the  short,  bluntly  rounded  snout ;  interorbital  region  convex.  Mouth 
large,  with  a  long  maxillary,  extending  behind  eye  a  distance  equal  to 
length  of  snout ;  cleft  slightly  oblique ;  mandible  included ;  teeth 
small,  in  villiform  bands  in  both  jaws  ;  the  inner  mandibular  series  en- 
larged and  consisting  of  about  twenty  large,  spaced  teeth,  the  posterior 
largest ;  vomer  with  a  V-shaped  patch  of  small  teeth ;  palatines  tooth- 
less ;  opercular  bones  without  prominent  angles  or  spines,  their  posterior 
edges  covered  with  scales  ;  preopercle  bordered  below  angle  by  a  naked 
groove  containing  three  large  mucous  canal  openings .  Tip  of  the  snout 
and  mandible  with  a  pair  of  mucous  canal  openings ;  upper  part  of 
the  opercular  membrane  with  a  similar  opening.  Gills  four,  a  long 
slit  behind  last,  free  from  the  isthmus ;  pseudobranchiae  wanting. 
Gill-rakers  few,  0+3,  short,  club-shaped,  length  of  longest  one  third 
diameter  of  eye,  armed  with  minute  teeth.  Scales  small,  cycloid,  em- 
bedded, covering  body  and  opercle  above  angle  of  preopercle ;  head 
above,  snout,  mandible  and  fin  membranes  naked ;  scales  on  one  side 
of  the  head  deeply  embedded  and  hidden  beneath  the  skin.  Lateral 
lines  two,  the  upper  beginning  above  opercle  and  extending  to  below 
middle  of  dorsal  fin,  following  outline  of  back ;  the  lower  line  me- 
dian, beginning  slightly  before  anus  and  extending  horizontally  to  last 
vertebra ;  the  lines  double  for  one  fourth  of  their  length ;  pores  thirty 
on  upper  line  and  forty  on  lower.  A  few  pores  below  and  running 
parallel  with  lower  line.  Lateral  line  extending  on  head  from  angle  of 
opercle  obliquely  downward  to  tip  of  mandible. 

Dorsal  fin  long,  extending  from  base  of  pectorals  to  the  undifferen- 
tiated  caudal  fin  with  which  it  is  merged ;  rays  of  about  equal  height 
throughout,  the  anterior  slightly  shorter ;  height  of  median  rays,  three 
and  one  half  in  head ;  all  the  rays  free  at  the  tip  and  somewhat  fila- 


226 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


mentous.  Anal  fin  beginning  at  anus,  similar  in  shape  to  dorsal  which 
it  equals  in  height.  Caudal  fin  not  differentiated  from  dorsal  or 
anal  fins,  but  slightly  longer  than  these,  two  and  two  thirds  in  head. 
Pectorals  with  broad  bases,  pointed,  extending  to  vertical  from  anus. 
Ventrals  attached  slightly  posterior  to  isthmus,  composed  of  two  rays 
united  their  whole  length,  extending  half-way  to  anus.  Pyloric  caeca 
two  short,  thick,  sac-like  projections  about  equaling  the  diameter  of 
eye  in  length. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Dark  brown,  head  purplish-brown ;  fins 
blackish. 

A  smaller  specimen  taken  at  the  Seymour  Islands  varies  somewhat 
from  the  type  in  the  possession  of  longer  fins  and  uniform  purplish- 
brown  coloration.  Both  specimens  taken  in  about  three  fathoms. 

MEASUREMENTS  OF  Eutyx  diagrammus. 


87 

c-j 

Head  

2C 

27 

Depth              .                    

24 

2A 

Eye    ....                 ... 

A    C 

A  c 

Interorbital  Width  

6 

Cl 

Snout  

7 

7 

TC 

*5 

Height  of  Dorsal    

7 

Height  of  Anal  

7 

8 

T6 

18 

1C 

17 

Caudal  

II 

72 

77 

Snout  to  Anal  

49 

46 

ANTENNARIUS   TAGUS  sp.  nov. 

Pl.  XX. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6351  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Tagus  Cove,  Albemarle  Island. 

Diagnosis.  —  First  dorsal  spine  slender,  terminated  by  a  bifid  cluster 
of  long  filaments;  second  spine  curved  downward  at  tip;  D.  Ill,  13. 
Head  without  fleshy  flaps ;  gill-opening  below  and  slightly  posterior 
to  pectoral ;  body  and  head  covered  with  bifid  spinules.  Color,  light 
pinkish  and  yellowish,  dark -spotted,  without  ocelli. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  one  third  in  length ; 
depth  one  and  nine  tenths  ;  eye  seven  in  head  ;  maxillary  one  and  four 
fifths;  interorbital  three  and  one  third;  D.  Ill,  13;  A.  7 ;  P.  n  ;  C. 
9;  V.  5 


PROC.    WASH.    ACAD.    SCI.    VOL.    V 


PLATE    XX 


NEW    FISHES  227 

General  shape  much  as  in  A.  ocellatus ;  body  compressed  poste- 
riorly ;  breast  and  lower  jaw  tumid  ;  head  wide,  the  width  one  and  one 
third  in  length ;  mouth  dorsal  with  the  cleft  vertical  and  the  mandible 
armed  at  the  symphysis  with  a  knob,  projecting  beyond  the  pre- 
maxillary ;  mandible  long,  one  and  three  fourths  in  head,  naked,  the 
posterior  one  third  hidden  beneath  a  deep  fold  of  the  skin ;  teeth  small, 
in  villiform  bands  in  both  jaws,  and  on  vomer  and  palatines ;  head 
without  large  fleshy  filaments  about  angle  of  mouth  and  mandible ; 
gill-openings  small,  without  naked  areas  surrounding  them ;  situated 
below  and  slightly  posterior  to  waist ;  head,  body,  fin-rays  and  spines 
armed  with  small  bifid  spinules,  lacking  only  on  premaxillary,  max- 
illary, margin  of  mandible,  first  dorsal  spine,  depression  behind  second 
dorsal  spine,  five  supraocular  pits,  fin  membranes  and  on  underside  of 
pectoral  and  ventral  rays ;  spinules  widely  forked,  with  a  small  ten- 
tacle, exceeding  the  spines  in  length,  between  each  two ;  first  dorsal 
spine  slender,  filamentous,  terminated  by  a  cluster  of  long  filaments 
which  are  arranged  in  two  more  or  less  distinct  clusters.  Filaments 
more  than  two  thirds  the  length  of  stalk,  wrhich  is  slightly  shorter  than 
second  dorsal  spine  ;  second  dorsal  spine  thickened,  low,  curved  down- 
ward at  apex,  followed  by  a  deep,  smooth  depression ;  third  dorsal 
spine  higher  and  heavier,  membrane  deeply  incised  in  front  of  the  soft 
dorsal ;  soft  dorsal  subrounded,  much  higher  than  spinous  part,  ninth 
and  tenth  rays  highest,  exceeding  slightly  the  maxillary ;  first  ray 
short,  truncate  at  tip,  posterior  rays  reaching  beyond  base  of  caudal ; 
anal  fin  similar  to  soft  dorsal,  but  more  rounded  and  slightly  lower ; 
pectoral  fin  geniculate,  subrounded,  some  of  upper  rays  longest,  one 
and  two  fifths  in  head ;  ventrals  rounded,  one  half  length  of  pectorals, 
situated  below  posterior  border  of  eye  ;  inner  ray  divided  ;  caudal  evenly 
rounded  at  tip,  rays  all  divided,  length  slightly  less  than  pectorals. 

Coloration  in  Life.  —  Above  pinkish  or  flesh-color,  spotted  and 
streaked  with  light  and  dark  olive-brown ;  a  small  unspotted  area 
above  pectoral,  below  creamy  with  dark  olive-brown  spots  ;'  chin  and 
snout  faintly  dark  spotted ;  orbit  below  and  posteriorly  with  radiating 
dark  streaks  ;  first  dorsal  spine  light  with  dusky  cross  bars,  second 
and  third  spines  without  dark  spots  ;  soft  dorsal  spotted  like  back,  anal 
fin  similar ;  pectoral  and  ventral  fins  immaculate  below,  dusky,  dark 
spotted  above  ;  caudal  fin  with  two  series  of  dark  spots  on  membrane 
running  vertically  through  fin  ;  iris  light  golden-brown. 

This  species  is  nearest  to  A.  ocellatus,  differing  in  the  coloration, 
the  bifid  filaments  of  the  first  dorsal,  and  the  lack  of  dermal  flaps  on 
the  head,  at  the  angle  of  the  mouth  and  on  the  mandible. 


228 


HELLER    AND    SNODGRASS 


MEASUREMENTS  OF  THE  TYPE  OF  Antennarius  tagus. 


Catalogue  No.  6351  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

«;8 

Depth            

er-i 

Head         

AT. 

Width  of  Head.                

s 

Eye                           .-  

6 

Interorbital  Width  

T'l 

Maxillary  

2C 

Height  of  First  Dorsal  Spine  

Height  of  Second  Dorsal  Spine  

IO 

Height  of  Soft  Dorsal  

26 

Height  of  Anal                       •                     ...           

2/1 

Pectoral  from  Gill-opening.                  

•IT 

Ventral                         ..           

18 

Caudal  

30 

Genus  Allector  gen.  nov. 

Characters.  — -  Body  short,  stout,  and  not  much  compressed  ;  head 
large,  cuboidal,  armed  with  a  pair  of  stout  supraorbital  spines  ;  mouth 
large,  vertical  in  position,  premaxillary  and  mandible  armed  with  canine 
teeth  ;  vomer  and  palatines  toothless  ;  soft  dorsal  and  anal  fins  with  bases 
short,  posterior  in  position  ;  pectorals  geniculate  ;  ventrals  wanting. 


ALLECTOR  CHELONL^  sp.  nov. 


FIG.  i.     Allector  chelonice. 

Type.  —  Cat.  No.  6342  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 
Taken  between  Clipperton  Island  and  Galapagos  Archipelago. 

Diagnosis.  —  Head  large,  two  and  three  sevenths  in  total  length, 
broad  and  flattened  above,  with  a  pair  of  supraorbital  spines  ;  teeth  in 
both  jaws  irregular,  not  greatly  enlarged,  longest  equaling  diameter  of 
pupil ;  vertical  fins  filamentous  at  tip ;  0.3;  A.  3  ;  C.  9 ;  P.  18. 

Description  of  the  Type.  —  Head  two  and  three  sevenths  in  length  ; 
depth  two  and  two  thirds  ;  eye  contained  seven  times  in  length  of  head  ; 


NEW    FISHES  229 

interorbital  two  and  one  half ;  maxillary  one  and  two  thirds ;  mandible 
one  and  one  half ;  D.  3  ;  A.  3  ;  C.  9  ;  P.  18. 

Head  large  and  cuboidal,  broad  and  flat  above  with  vertical  sides, 
terminated  squarely  anteriorly  by  the  vertically  placed  mandible ;  mouth 
large,  the  cleft  exceeding  one  half  the  head  in  length.  Upper  jaw 
margined  by  the  premaxillary,  which  is  armed  with  a  single  series  of 
irregular  teeth  somewhat  smaller  than  the  mandibular  teeth ;  length 
of  the  maxillary  one  and  two  thirds  the  length  of  head.  Mandible 
toothed  its  whole  length  with  a  single  series  of  large,  irregular,  sharp, 
canine  teeth  which  are  slightly  compressed  at  their  bases,  length  of 
longest  teeth  about  equaling  diameter  of  pupil ;  mandible  with  a 
prominent  projection  at  its  posterior  end.  Eye  comparatively  large, 
diameter  contained  three  times  in  interorbital  width.  Head  armed 
above  by  a  pair  of  short,  stout,  horn-shaped  spines  situated  above  and 
behind  the  eye ;  branchiostegal  rays  five. 

Body  short,  more  or  less  compressed  and  tapering  slightly  to  the 
thick  peduncle ;  dorsal  fin  short,  consisting  of  three  rays,  situated  a 
little  in  advance  of  base  of  caudal  fin,  rays  filamentous  at  tip,  reaching 
past  base  of  caudal,  length  one  and  two  thirds  in  head.  Anal  fin 
similar  to  dorsal  in  shape  and  composed  of  same  number  of  rays, 
first  ray  situated  slightly  behind  last  dorsal  ray,  somewhat  longer 
than  dorsal,  longest  rays  reaching  past  middle  of  caudal  fin.  Caudal 
long  with  filamentous  rays,  truncate  or  slightly  rounded.  Pectorals 
short,  turned  forward,  rounded,  contained  three  times  in  length  of 
head. 

The  specimen  was  taken  from  the  stomach  of  a  green-turtle,  and 
the  skin  is  all  gone  from  the  body.  The  flesh  is  whitish,  the  exposed 
bones  brownish  and  the  iris  bluish-silvery.  There  is  no  indication  of 
a  spinous  dorsal,  not  even  of  the  basal  elements  of  one. 

MEASUREMENTS    OF    THE    TYPE    OF    Alhctor    chelom<Z. 


Catalogue  No.  6342  Iceland  Stanford  Jr.  University  Museum. 

27 

Head  

42 

Depth  

•77 

Eye       ....                                               .         

6 

Interorbital  Width.         .     .                   

17 

Prern  axillary  and  Maxillary  

26 

Mandible  

28 

2«\ 

Height  of  Anal 

28 

Pectoral                  

Id. 

Caudal.  

•IQ 

Depth  of  Caudal  Peduncle  

16 

Proc.  Wash.  Acad.    Sci.,  January,  1904.